J Natl Med Assoc
-
Black enslaved women endured sexual exploitation and reproductive manipulation to produce a labor workforce on the southern plantations during the Antebellum Period. Health care inequity has continued from slavery and into the 21th century primarily due of racial segregation, poverty, access, poor quality of care, eugenics and the assault of forced sterilizations. Racial disparity in maternal and infant mortality is an outcome rooted in racial injustice, social and economic determinants as well as the stresses during pregnancy throughout the generations of Black births. Affordable, available, quality and equitable care and narrowing the economic gap for Black women and families is the most significant barrier in combating racial disparity in perinatal health outcomes and health inequity.
-
According to the Lancet Commission Report on Global Surgery, it was estimated that in 2010 about 16.9 million lives were lost due to the unavailability of Surgical services. It was further calculated that 77.2 million DALYs could simply have been averted by providing basic surgical inspection and triage. Aiding Universal Health Coverage (UHC) through Humanitarian Outreach Services in Resource-Poor Settings is both challenging and difficult to execute. ⋯ The synergistic Humanitarian diplomacy is more focused in persuading decision-makers and opinion leaders to act, at all times, in the interest of vulnerable people and with full respect for our fundamental principles. Since the inclusion of surgical care in the universal basic health care services play a critical role in addressing the rising epidemic of injuries, non-communicable diseases and improving quality of life, there is a great need to address the inequities in pediatric surgical services in resource-poor settings. Hence the successful practice of GHD and humanitarian diplomacy is indispensable for establishing global partnerships, securing funding and strengthening systems to promote cost-effective and essential surgical care to achieve UHC and economic development.
-
Health and healthcare disparities are variances in the health of a population or the care rendered to a population. Disparities result in a disproportionately higher prevalence of disease or lower standard of care provided to the index group. Multiple theories exist regarding the genesis of this disturbing finding. ⋯ Therapeutic solutions are not expected in the near term. Thus, identifying the genesis and magnitude of COVID-19's impact on African American communities is the requisite first step toward crafting an immediate well designed response. The mid and long term approach should incorporate population health based tactics and strategies.
-
Omphalocele is characterized as a ventral wall defect in which there exists a midline herniation of abdominal viscera into the base of the umbilical cord. Fetuses with a diagnosis of this entity are at a significantly increased risk of having an aneuploidy, additional anomalies, or associations with other syndromes such as Beckwith Wiederman. Secondary to these interconnections, there is an elevated risk of fetal loss in affected pregnancies. Detection of concordant abnormalities, appropriate genetic counseling, and involvement of pediatric subspecialties are paramount in affording a prognosis, and providing optimal perinatal management of omphalocele.
-
This study aims to describe the mammographic findings in a population of Nigerian women and to explore the relationships between abnormal mammographic findings, breast malignancy, and breast composition. ⋯ Poorly defined margins were positively correlated with BIRADS ratings suspicious for malignancy. The presence of a breast mass was positively correlated with a higher BIRADS score when other possible cofounding variables were not accounted for. Patient age did not correlate with breast density in this study.