J Natl Med Assoc
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There is increasing evidence that testosterone deficiency has key associations with insulin sensitivity and glycemic control. Its presence may therefore contribute to and/or exacerbate clinical disease in men with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study sought to determine the frequency of low free testosterone and explore its relationship with, insulin sensitivity and glycemic control among Nigerian men with T2DM. ⋯ We conclude that low serum testosterone is common among men with T2DM and has a significant association with glycemic control (HbA1c) and insulin sensitivity.
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COVID-19 has now spread to all the continents of the world with the possible exception of Antarctica. However, Africa appears different when compared with all the other continents. The absence of exponential growth and the low mortality rates contrary to that experienced in other continents, and contrary to the projections for Africa by various agencies, including the World Health Organization (WHO) has been a puzzle to many. ⋯ In addition, contrary to what had been documented in other continents, the occurrence of the renal complications in these patients also appeared to be much lower. This report documents the striking differences between the continents and within the continent of Africa itself and then attempts to explain the reasons for these differences. It is hoped that information presented in this review will help policymakers in the fight to contain the pandemic, particularly within Africa with its resource-constrained health care systems.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Remote Versus in-Person Exercise Instruction for Chronic Nonspecific Low Back Pain Lasting 12 Weeks or Longer: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
Low back pain is a common health problem. We compared the effects of a remote exercise instruction with in-person exercise instruction on the pain and disability of people with nonspecific low back pain for more than 12 weeks. ⋯ There was no measurable difference between an exercise program delivered remotely compared to in-person.
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Despite increasing diversity, data indicates that there is a gap between the matriculation or admission of and graduation rates amongst medical students who identify with racial or ethnic minority groups. The purpose of this study was to identify barriers experienced by minority medical students that may account for this gap. ⋯ Our data suggests the majority of racial and ethnic minority medical students graduate within the traditional 4 years of medical school. However, if they do not, it is either due to academic advancement to become a more successful residency applicant, or due to academic issues. The majority of respondents reported that they perceive a lack of racial and ethnic minority faculty members in academics.