J Natl Med Assoc
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To determine what if any differences in presentation exist between men and women who present with acute intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) to the emergency department (ED). ⋯ Women have higher ICH scores than men at initial ED presentation for intracerebral hemorrhage. A higher ICH score is significantly associated with the worse outcomes of death and/or hospice.
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Black Americans have a higher prevalence of diabetes compared to White Americans and have higher rates of complications and death. Exposure to the criminal legal system (CLS) is a social risk factor for chronic disease morbidity and mortality with significant overlap with populations most likely to experience poor diabetes outcomes. However, little is known about the association between CLS exposure and healthcare utilization patterns among U.S. adults with diabetes. ⋯ Among those with diabetes, lifetime CLS exposure is associated with higher ED and inpatient visits in unadjusted analyses. Adjusting for socioeconomic status and clinical confounders attenuated these relationships, thus more research is needed to understand how CLS exposure interacts with poverty, structural racism, addiction and mental illness to influence health care utilization for adults with diabetes.
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Physical inactivity is a behavioral and modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease. We aimed to assess the association of walking or moderate to vigorous physical activity of various durations with cardiovascular risk in age and sex groups of the adult general population. ⋯ Our study did not suggest a protective role for walking. However, moderate to vigorous physical activity ≥ 150 min/w was associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular disease in older patients.
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Comparative Study
Inpatient outcomes comparing White and Black patients with obesity hospitalized for COVID-19 infection.
Comparisons between Black and White patients with obesity hospitalized with COVID-19 have not been fully studied. We sought to determine outcomes differences between these two groups. ⋯ During the first year of the pandemic, Black patients with obesity and COVID-19 were less likely to die during the incident hospitalization but used greater hospital resources compared to White patients.
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As healthcare systems become more complex, medical education needs to adapt in many ways. There is a growing need for more formal leadership learning for healthcare providers, including greater attention to health disparities. An important challenge in addressing health disparities is ensuring inclusive excellence in the leadership of healthcare systems and medical education. ⋯ Also consistently noted, through qualitative assessments, are broader healthcare system knowledge and shared tactics for addressing common challenges among Scholars. This case example shows that the promotion of leadership equity may jointly enhance professional development while creating opportunities for systems change within academic medical centers. Such an approach can be a potential model for academic medical institutions and other healthcare schools seeking to promote leadership equity and inclusion.