J Res Med Sci
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Statins are recommended for cardiovascular protection for people with diabetes (high-risk groups). This study aimed to evaluate the gap between the guidelines of statin utilization and clinical practice among outpatients with type 2 diabetes regarding the patient's age and gender, to assess if this preventive drug is being satisfactorily utilized or not. ⋯ Patients with diabetes who are at high risk of cardiovascular events, exposure to statin treatment is significantly less than perfect position both in females and males. Nearly one-fifth of the patients with type 2 diabetes are not using statins despite therapeutic necessities.
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Environmental, genetic, and immunological factors may play a role in the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). In an attempt to better understand the pathogenesis of AMD, in this study, we evaluated the serum interferon (IFN) levels in patients with AMD and compared it with persons without AMD. ⋯ We found that serum beta IFN levels are higher in patients with AMD. This finding may have diagnostic, therapeutic, and prognostic value in AMD patients and can be a beginning for further evaluation.
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The high socioeconomic impact of osteoporosis and osteoporotic fracture is due to their high mortality, morbidity, and disease-related costs. Nowadays, bone mineral density (BMD) is a comparatively expensive way to diagnose and follow up patients with osteoporosis. Transforming growth factor-β3 (TGF-β3) is a protein categorized into cytokines. Some previous in vitro studies showed TGF-β3 effects on osteocytes and bone formation. Therefore, we conducted this study to find if there is any significant relationship between TGF-β3 and BMD results. ⋯ There was a significant relationship between TGF-β3 serum level and BMD. TGF-β3 serum level may be used as a marker for the diagnosis and follow-up of osteoporosis and osteoporotic fracture.
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Although cognitive impairment is common in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients, language difficulties are controversy and little information is available on nonEnglish languages. Therefore, the present cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the naming accuracy in Persian relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) patients. ⋯ The present study suggests that naming ability can be impaired in RRMS regardless of disability score. Specific language function tests including naming should be considered in the process of evaluating and rehabilitating patients with MS.
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It should be assessed whether the polymorphisms on androgen receptor gene can affect therapeutic response to androgenetic alopecia (AGA) medications. We aimed to find a link between polymorphisms on the androgen receptor gene (including the number of triple sequences of cytosine, adenine, and guanine [CAG] and guanine-guanine-cytosine [GGC]) and response to treatment with finasteride in male patients. ⋯ Counting of GGC sequence in the gene encoding the androgen receptor is associated with an increase in odds of baldness and a decrease in the response rate to finasteride in AGA patients.