J Res Med Sci
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Malaria, transmitted by Plasmodium parasites and anopheline mosquitoes, continues to be a leading cause of global disease and death. This retrospective investigation from 2018 to 2023 examines the epidemiological attributes of malaria in Saravan, southeastern Iran. It seeks to evaluate the prevalence, transmission causes, local population impact, and health system effects. ⋯ The findings emphasize the persistent malaria challenges in Saravan, accentuating the urgent need to strengthen prevention and control strategies. Reducing disease burden demands focused approaches, including improving prevention and treatment programs, enhancing surveillance systems, developing health infrastructures, and implementing localized therapies, especially considering recent climatic and rainfall patterns.
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The objective of this study was to investigate cognitive performance and brain volume profile in patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) and multiple sclerosis (MS). ⋯ Both NMOSD and MS patients experienced impairment of information processing speed, working memory, and verbal fluency, whereas visuospatial memory impairment was only observed in MS patients. Despite lower total brain lesion and less thalamic atrophy, patients with NMOSD are at risk of cognitive impairment. Microscopic structural abnormalities may be a possible cause.
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The current study aims to assess cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs) among diabetic versus nondiabetic nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) patients. NAFLD is the most common hepatic disorder worldwide which is directly associated with diverse CVRFs such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and metabolic syndrome (MS). ⋯ CVRFs were higher in NAFLD patients with T2DM than NAFLD patients with NBG.
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Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is prone to opportunistic infections, including toxoplasmosis, due to an immunodeficiency system. This study aimed to evaluate the serum of people with T2DM to determine the titer of anti-toxoplasma antibodies in patients and compare it with the control group. ⋯ Anti-toxoplasma antibodies including IgG and IgM were higher in diabetic patient in comparison to control group.
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This retrospective cohort study aimed to evaluate the effect of lifestyle factors (e.g., smoking, drinking, physical exercise, and sleep duration) on the long-term survival of gastric cancer (GC) patients after radical resection. ⋯ Smoking cessation, proper sleep duration, and regular physical exercise habits can improve the long-term survival of GC patients after radical resection.