Niger J Clin Pract
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Liver size can be influenced by various factors, including malignant diseases, infective processes, and anthropometric variations among individuals from different geographical locations and races. Therefore, the exact definition of hepatomegaly in the ultrasonographic measurement of liver size is controversial. Moreover, the majority of studies regarding the study of liver size are not community-based. ⋯ In a northern Anatolian Turkish population, liver size was greater among males than females. In light of these data, we believe our study may serve as a reference source for the evaluation of liver size.
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The prevalence of major congenital anomalies (CAs) shows wide variations depending on geographical location and may range from <1% to 8% and it causes between 20% and 30% of perinatal deaths. In Nigeria, the prevalence of CAs may be underestimated with the general reliance on mostly livebirths ranging between 0.5% and 2.8% exempting cases of miscarriage and abortions. The purpose of this study was to determine the epidemiologic pattern and outcome of major CAs detected prenatally at the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria, over a 4-year period. ⋯ CAs remain a major contributor to perinatal morbidity and mortality in Nigeria. Since most are idiopathic, early prenatal detection with ultrasound may facilitate improved diagnosis and the reduction of overall perinatal morbidity and mortality in the Nigerian setting.
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Observational Study
Risk factors for postoperative nausea and vomiting in pediatric patients undergoing ambulatory dental treatment.
This study aimed to determine the risk factors for postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in children receiving dental treatment under general anesthesia and to identify the subcategories leading to risk formation. ⋯ The risk limit for PONV was determined to be ≥5.5 years for children who underwent dental procedures under general anesthesia. Postoperative pain and rescue analgesia constituted risks for PONV.
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Comparative Study
Effect of deproteinization before and after acid etching on the surface roughness of immature permanent enamel.
The purpose of this in vitro investigation was to assess the effect of deproteinization before and after acid etching on the surface roughness of immature human enamel of permanent teeth compared to acid etching alone using noncontact three-dimensional (3D) optical profilometer. ⋯ Deproteinizing the enamel of immature permanent teeth with 2.5% NaOCl before and after acid etching with 32% H3PO4 increased surface roughness compared to the application of H3PO4 alone.
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Allergic diseases are known to occur in children with asthma and its coexistence with asthma may impact on asthma control in affected children living in a low-income country. The study is to determine the allergic profile of children with asthma and the association with asthma control and attendant social risk factors. ⋯ Allergic diseases are common in children with asthma in our environment, but did not significantly impact on asthma control. Socioeconomic factors such as urbanization and family size had effects on the achievement of asthma control but not on allergy status.