Niger J Clin Pract
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The prevalence of white spot lesions/tooth demineralization during orthodontic fixed appliance therapy ranges widely from 2 to 96% of patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate measures used by orthodontists practicing in Nigeria to manage demineralization during and after fixed orthodontic treatment and how it compares with the available evidence-based information. ⋯ The demineralization preventive measures used by Nigerian orthodontists and orthodontic residents are inconsistent and not based on evidence-based information. The development of standardized demineralization prevention protocol was therefore recommended.
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Prognosis and risk factors of nerve injuries in displaced pediatric supracondylar humerus fractures.
Supracondylar humerus (SCH) fractures are serious injuries due to the neighborhood of critical neural and vascular structures. One of the most devastating complications of SCH fractures is neurological damage, since it may cause permanent disability. The aim of this study is to categorize neurological complications, to report long-term functional outcomes, and to determine risk factors associated with childhood SCH fractures. ⋯ The prognosis of these nerve injuries is excellent, especially the iatrogenic ones. A long and sharp bone fragment (spike) may be responsible for nerve injuries in some children. Surgical exploration is not necessary after an iatrogenic nerve injury when there is no neurotmesis. Patience and care are utmost needed to handle neurological complications.
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To evaluate the effects of surface coating and 1-year water aging on flexural strength, compressive strength (CS) and surface roughness of fluoride-releasing restorative materials. ⋯ The mechanical properties and surface roughness of glass ionomer-based materials were affected by coating and water aging.
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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of different pediatric drugs and toothbrushing on color changes of restorative materials used in pediatric dentistry. ⋯ Toothbrushing dramatically affected the color stability of the aesthetic restorative materials. The content of pediatric drugs is also an important factor for color change. Glass hybrids and glass carbomers used with their surface sealants appeared to be more resistant to staining from pediatric drug formulations than compomers.
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In primary care, measurement of the ankle-brachial index (ABI) by using hand Doppler is recommended for screening of peripheral arterial disease. Despite being relatively a simple procedure, the ABI is rarely measured in primary care due to unpracticality of the hand Doppler method. Oscillometry is an accessible, reliable, and an easy to use method for the measurement of ABI. With a little training, it can be used by anybody. Aim: The aim of the study is to compare the oscillometric method with a reference test (i.e. hand Doppler) for the screening of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and arterial stiffness (AS) in primary care. ⋯ Oscillometry seemed to be a reliable screening method in primary care both for peripheral arterial disease and AS.