Pak J Med Sci
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Stressful situations are often linked with poor health and lifestyle behaviors (e.g., unhealthy diet, limited physical activity, poor sleep quality etc.). Subsequent to the nationwide lockdown in Pakistan due to COVID-19 pandemic, medical students experienced substantial lifestyle changes along with academic stresses. The goal of this study was to measure the impact that the COVID-19 lockdown had on lifestyle like sleep, physical activity and nutrition, substance abuse, dealing with finances, spirituality and family life, with respect to a sample of Pakistani medical students. ⋯ Our findings underscore that COVID-19 pandemic has led to undesired changes in health and lifestyle habits of medical students, which may, to some extent, be responsible for higher negative impact. Hence it is important for medical colleges to start awareness campaigns to tackle challenges for medical students physical and emotional well-being.
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This study aimed to assess the frequency of first-line antiretroviral therapy (ART) resistance among HIV patients and to identify the factors affecting the drug resistance. ⋯ There is a high frequency of resistance to first-line antiretroviral therapy among HIV patients presenting to the selected healthcare facility in Peshawar. Furthermore, we found no significant factors impacting ART resistance among HIV patients other than BMI.
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Posterior Urethral Valves (PUV) are common cause of congenital obstructive uropathy in boys and may be associated with urinary tract infection(UTI) and chronic kidney disease(CKD) if not managed timely. The objective of our study was to determine the clinical profile of children with PUV. ⋯ Our study showed a high frequency of UTI and AKI. E. coli was most common pathogen. Despite valve fulgration, significant patients had CKD.
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To analyze the effects of intravenous anesthesia with sevoflurane combined with propofol on intraoperative hemodynamics, postoperative stress disorder and cognitive function in elderly patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery. ⋯ Intravenous anesthesia with sevoflurane combined with propofol has little effects on intraoperative hemodynamics and postoperative cognitive function in elderly patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery. Besides, it can obtain better recovery quality and have milder postoperative stress disorder than single use of propofol.
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Cerebral palsy is a major cause of neurodisability in children in Pakistan. The study aims to evaluate the risk factors, types and neuroimaging findings in children with cerebral palsy. ⋯ Male gender is more affected in our cohort. Maternal anemia, pregnancy induced hypertension and low birth weight are significant modifiable risk factors. Prevention of these can reduce the incidence of cerebral palsy.