Pak J Med Sci
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This literature review explores breast cancer screening practices among transgender individuals globally, emphasizing the overlooked population in Pakistan. With an overview of intersex and transgender terminology, the study delves into screening guidelines for transfeminine and transmasculine patients, considering hormone therapy and surgery. Worldwide statistics on transgender and intersex populations are provided, highlighting the unique challenges they face, particularly in Pakistan, where societal discrimination and healthcare barriers persist. ⋯ The review synthesizes breast cancer screening recommendations in transgender population from ACR, WPATH, UCSF, and the Canadian Cancer Society, revealing variations in guidelines. It concludes with a call for tailored screening protocols for Pakistan's transgender community and recommends a comprehensive study due to the absence of data in Southeast Asia. The unstructured abstract underscores the need for nuanced, personalized screening strategies and emphasizes the critical gap in knowledge specific to breast cancer in this marginalized population.
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This study aimed to investigate the effect of Environmental Pollutants Particulate Matter PM2.5, PM10, Carbon Monoxide (CO), Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2), Sulfur Dioxide (SO2), and Ozone (O3) on lung airway inflammation by assessing the Fractional Exhaled Nitric Oxide (FeNO) in students studying in schools located in or away from air-polluted areas. ⋯ Environmental pollution can cause lung inflammation among students in schools located in traffic-polluted areas.
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To compare voice related quality of life of smoker and non-smoker university teachers. ⋯ The study concludes that smoking has a detrimental effect on voice and voice related quality of life of university teachers and voice related quality of life as determined by VRQOL scale is significantly better in non-smokers.
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To explore the clinical efficacy and safety of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) combined with targeted therapy for primary hepatocellular carcinoma (PHC). ⋯ The clinical efficacy of TACE combined with targeted therapy for PHC is superior to that of TACE alone, with improved disease control rate, improved long-term survival rate, and good safety.
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To compare the functional and radiological outcomes of treatment of volar Barton's fractures using T plate with and without distal end screws. ⋯ Both treatment approaches appear to yield comparable outcomes in terms of clinical assessment, Stewart scores, and fracture healing, with a potential advantage for T-plate without distal end screw in callus formation at the 90th day.Trial registration: IRCT20221231056999N1.