Pak J Med Sci
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To determine gender and ethnic distribution of developmental dysplasia of hip in newborns using Graf method for ultrasound. To determine the significance of association between developmental dysplasia of hip with ethnicity in newborns using Graf's method ultrasound. ⋯ There is no significant difference in incidence of DDH with gender. However, there is a significant association between ethnicity and incidence of developmental dysplasia of hip in neonates of 28 days age. Incidence of DDH is high in the Sindhi, Punjabi and Pathan populations.
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To determine the frequency of undiagnosed hypertension among the diabetic patients with micro vascular complications. ⋯ In the present study, a substantial proportion of patients with diabetic micro vascular complications suffered undiagnosed hypertension which is alarming and advocates routine blood pressure monitoring of such patients so that timely identification and anticipated management of underlying hypertension may improve the outcome of such cases in future clinical practice.
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To determine the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in E. coli isolated from urine cultures of patients with uncomplicated cystitis in Pakistan. Another objective was to analyze and compare the resistance rates of E. coli to specific antibiotics, conducting a year-by-year evaluation of these rates to identify trends and changes over the past seven years. ⋯ The national guidelines offer an empirical treatment regimen for patients with uncomplicated cystitis. However, regional variations in antimicrobial resistance (AMR) complicate adherence to these guidelines. Our study supports the use of fosfomycin and nitrofurantoin in management of uncomplicated cystitis, However, ongoing annual regional surveillance is essential to keep clinicians informed about the latest trends in AMR.
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To observe the fetomaternal outcome of therapeutic versus prophylactic blood transfusions in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) during pregnancy. ⋯ Our study demonstrates that prophylactic blood transfusion in SCD positively alters the course of pregnancy by reducing fetomaternal complications.
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Chronic suppurative otitis media is a fatal condition owing to its propensity for intracranial extension. The inadvertent use of antibiotics has led to resistance among causative organisms. The objectives of this study were to determine causative bacteria, their antibiotic resistance and susceptibility patterns, and their response to antibiotics after a one-month follow-up. ⋯ Moderate to high resistance against ciprofloxacin, third-generation cephalosporin, ampicillin, amoxicillin plus clavulanate, and clindamycin is an eye-opener. Our results underscore the critical need for judicious administration of empirical antibiotics.