Pak J Med Sci
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Review
Systematic review with meta-analysis of intraoperative neuromonitoring during thyroid reoperation.
Recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) injury is a serious complication during thyroid reoperation. Intraoperative neuromonitoring (IONM) is one of the means to reduce RLN paralysis. However, the role of IONM during thyroidectomy is still controversial. The aim of this study was to assess whether the IONM could reduce the incidence of RLN injury during thyroid reoperation. ⋯ The presented data showed benefits of reducing permanent RLN injury by using IONM, but without statistical significance for temporary RLN injury.
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This literature review explores breast cancer screening practices among transgender individuals globally, emphasizing the overlooked population in Pakistan. With an overview of intersex and transgender terminology, the study delves into screening guidelines for transfeminine and transmasculine patients, considering hormone therapy and surgery. Worldwide statistics on transgender and intersex populations are provided, highlighting the unique challenges they face, particularly in Pakistan, where societal discrimination and healthcare barriers persist. ⋯ The review synthesizes breast cancer screening recommendations in transgender population from ACR, WPATH, UCSF, and the Canadian Cancer Society, revealing variations in guidelines. It concludes with a call for tailored screening protocols for Pakistan's transgender community and recommends a comprehensive study due to the absence of data in Southeast Asia. The unstructured abstract underscores the need for nuanced, personalized screening strategies and emphasizes the critical gap in knowledge specific to breast cancer in this marginalized population.
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This study aimed to investigate the effect of Environmental Pollutants Particulate Matter PM2.5, PM10, Carbon Monoxide (CO), Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2), Sulfur Dioxide (SO2), and Ozone (O3) on lung airway inflammation by assessing the Fractional Exhaled Nitric Oxide (FeNO) in students studying in schools located in or away from air-polluted areas. ⋯ Environmental pollution can cause lung inflammation among students in schools located in traffic-polluted areas.
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To explore the clinical efficacy and safety of transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) combined with targeted therapy for primary hepatocellular carcinoma (PHC). ⋯ The clinical efficacy of TACE combined with targeted therapy for PHC is superior to that of TACE alone, with improved disease control rate, improved long-term survival rate, and good safety.
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To compare the functional and radiological outcomes of treatment of volar Barton's fractures using T plate with and without distal end screws. ⋯ Both treatment approaches appear to yield comparable outcomes in terms of clinical assessment, Stewart scores, and fracture healing, with a potential advantage for T-plate without distal end screw in callus formation at the 90th day.Trial registration: IRCT20221231056999N1.