Pak J Med Sci
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The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in patients with nephropathy (i.e. Chronic Kidney Disease Stage 1 to 3) and to compare the mean magnesium levels in diabetic nephropathic patients and non-diabetic nephropathic patients. ⋯ The frequency of diabetes mellitus is higher among patients with nephropathy while on comparison of mean magnesium levels, nephropathic patients with diabetes had significant lower levels of magnesium as compared to without diabetes.
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Vitamin D deficiency has strong association with various respiratory disorders in which bronchial asthma is one of them. The objective was to determine the efficacy of vitamin D supplementation in cases with bronchial asthma. ⋯ Vitamin D supplementation improves FEV1 significantly at two months and these can be even highly significant if it is extended up to 3 months.
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To determine the prevalence of exclusive breast feeding in working women and to identify the factors effecting exclusive breast feeding in working women. ⋯ Long working hours, banking profession, family income and lack of proper knowledge about exclusive breast feeding are responsible for non-EBF practice in working women. Proper Knowledge and awareness about exclusive breastfeeding and provision of facilities for exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) by the organizations can play a significant role in promoting it.
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Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a most important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide as well as in Pakistan. Recent studies have shown that the combination of obesity, insulin resistance and fluctuation in circulating adipocytokines levels is associated with the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease. Omentin-1 is recently found adipocytokine that is highly expressed in visceral adipose tissue. It has anti- inflammatory properties and is negatively correlated with ischemic heart disease. Therefore, this study was designed to investigate the relationship between omentin-1 Val109Asp polymorphism and CAD in Pakistani population. ⋯ Individuals having Val/Asp heterozygous gemotype of omentin-1 gene polymorphism are at more risk of developing CAD in Pakistani population, further studies are required in different populations and ethnicities to confirm our findings.
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To evaluate the effectiveness and safety profile of combined phacoemulsification with 23G pars plana vitrectomy when compared to pars plana vitrectomy alone in phakic patients. ⋯ Combined phaco-vitrectomy is a safe and effective procedure with minimum complication profile and it avoids the need of subsequent cataract surgery.