Pak J Med Sci
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To observe the role of Ramadan Specific Diabetes Education (RSDE) in the management of fasting patients with diabetes. ⋯ Patients who receive Pre-Ramadan diabetes education were found to be significantly better in following Ramadan specific diabetes management recommendations compared to patients who did not receive education. Further large scale studies are needed to validate our findings.
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To determine the association between vitamin D deficiency and breast cancer. ⋯ Findings of our study conclude that vitamin D deficiency is associated with risk of breast cancer.
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Clinical predictors of an abnormal ultrasound in patients presenting with suspected nephrolithiasis.
To determine any clinical features associated with an abnormal ultrasound in patients with suspected nephrolithiasis in an out-patient setting. ⋯ In the absence of any significant clinical predictors use of ultrasound is justified in patients with suspected nephrolithiasis especially in those with prior history of stones.
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Thyroid nodules are very common in our setup and their diagnosis on fine needle aspiration is not easy and is a taxing affair. It is a challenge to differentiate between follicular adenoma and follicular carcinoma without histology. Our objective was to investigate the role of Galectin-3 in fine needle aspirates of thyroid nodules as a prospective diagnostic marker and consequently its ability to differentiate benign from malignant neoplasms. ⋯ Galectin-3immunomarker is considerably expressed in malignant tumors, but it is not expressed in benign follicular lesions.
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Sigmoid volvulus (SV) is a rare colonic obstruction in which the sigmoid colonwraps around itself. The principal strategy for the treatment of uncomplicated SV is emergency endoscopic detorsion, while emergency surgery is needed in complicated SV with bowel gangrene, bowel perforation, peritonitis, or unsuccessful endoscopic treatment. In the endoscopic examination of SV, endoscopic detorsion is performed if the bowels are viable, while emergency surgery is needed if the bowels are gangrenous. However, the treatment approach is not clear when endoscopic examination reveals borderline bowel ischemia, and in this short report, the possible treatment strategies are discussed.