Pak J Med Sci
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The aim was assessment of diabetic foot ulcer risk factors according to International Working Group on the Diabetic Foot (IWGDF) consensus. ⋯ This study showed that increase of age, duration of diabetes and HbA1c, lack of training and presence of retinopathy increases the risk of diabetic foot ulcers.
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Unintentional injuries are one of the leading causes of death, hospitalization and disability across the world. Detailed work on child injury in low-income and middle-income countries began more recently and is now indicating priorities for prevention. This study aims to draw attention to the subject with the assessment of the injuries sustained by the study group. ⋯ Development and implementation of systematic surveillance is necessary to identify the epidemiologic characteristics of childhood injuries at national level. Definition of the risk factors and protective factors is a priority of countries to prevent such injuries.
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To determine frequency of different vascular access use in Incident hemodialysis (HD) patients and determine whether predialysis care in terms of timely advice for vascular access placement was better in the hands of nephrologist. ⋯ Very high incidence of temporary HD catheter was used in Incident HD patients. Moreover, pre dialysis care in terms of placement of AV access prior to initiating HD is better in the hands of nephrologist and patients should be timely referred to nephrologist especially when they have Stage 4 chronic kidney disease (CKD).
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Extended-spectrum β-lactamase producing K. pneumoniae is a serious threat to the patients. This manuscript shows the comparison of phenotypic characterization methods used for ESBL K. pneumoniae and frequency distribution of these isolates in various clinical samples. ⋯ The use of CLSI confirmatory test is very efficient in the early detection of ESBL K. pneumoniae especially when the facilities for molecular characterization are not available.
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To find the pattern of presentation of cervical carcinoma as seen at Nuclear Institute of Medicine and Radiotherapy, Pakistan. ⋯ Squamous cell carcinoma accounted for 92.85% of cases with mean age of 51 years, most patients 74.98% presented in stage II, III and IV. Diagnosis at advanced stage needs implementation of large scale educational and screening programme on national level to saves the lives of Pakistani women.