Obstetrical & gynecological survey
-
Obstet Gynecol Surv · Aug 2015
ReviewAmniotic Fluid Embolism: Anaphylactic Reactions With Idiosyncratic Adverse Response.
Amniotic fluid embolism (AFE) is a rare but severe emergency in obstetrics. The aim of the present study was to investigate the pathophysiology of AFE. ⋯ Recent immunologic studies provide a new approach to the study of the pathophysiology of AFE.
-
Advances in solid-organ transplantation have allowed many women to reach reproductive potential, and pregnancy is no longer a rarity for these women. ⋯ As more women are becoming pregnant after organ transplantation, a review of obstetric recommendations and perinatal outcome is warranted.
-
Obstet Gynecol Surv · May 2015
ReviewPosterior tibial nerve stimulation for the treatment of fecal incontinence: a systematic evidence review.
Posterior tibial nerve stimulation (PTNS) is a potential emerging therapy for fecal incontinence (FI). The aim of this study was to systematically review the literature regarding the efficacy of PTNS as a treatment of FI. ⋯ Multiple low-quality studies show improvement in FI after PTNS. High-quality studies with comparison groups and clinically meaningful outcome measures would further establish the utility of PTNS for FI.
-
Chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) assesses chromosomal copy number alterations and affords higher resolution when compared with standard karyotype. This review provides the obstetric provider with an update on the technology, use, and controversies concerning CMA utilization in prenatal diagnosis. Chromosomal microarray analysis offers increased resolution for copy number abnormalities compared with traditional karyotype. ⋯ Chromosomal microarray analysis may be beneficial when prenatally detected structural anomalies are associated with specific microdeletions and microduplications or to assess for copy number variants when a de novo balanced rearrangement or marker chromosome is diagnosed. Use of CMA includes the detection of copy number variants of uncertain significance. In light of these issues, large prospective cohort studies are needed to illustrate the diagnostic utility of CMA for detection of prenatal chromosomal abnormalities in low-risk populations before routine clinical use of CMA is recommended in all circumstances of prenatal diagnosis.
-
Obstet Gynecol Surv · Jul 2014
ReviewSummary of international guidelines for physical activity after pregnancy.
Postpartum physical activity can improve mood, maintain cardiorespiratory fitness, improve weight control, promote weight loss, and reduce depression and anxiety. This review summarizes current guidelines for postpartum physical activity worldwide. PubMed (MEDLINE) was searched for country-specific government and clinical guidelines on physical activity after pregnancy through the year 2013. ⋯ Greater clarity in guidelines would be more useful to both practitioners and the women they serve. Postpartum physical activity guidelines have the potential to assist women to initiate or resume physical activity after childbirth so that they can transition to meeting recommended levels of physical activity. Health care providers have a critical role in encouraging women to be active at this time, and the availability of more explicit guidelines may assist them to routinely include physical activity advice in their postpartum care.