Srp Ark Celok Lek
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Arterial blood gas (ABG) analyses have an important role in the assessment and monitoring of the metabolic and oxygen status of patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Arterial puncture could have a lot of adverse effects, while sampling of venous blood is simpler and is not so invasive. ⋯ When we cannot provide arterial blood for analysis, venous values of the pH, Pv,CO2 and HCO3 parameters can be an alternative to their arterial equivalents in the interpretation of the metabolic status in patients with acute exacerbation of COPD, while the values of venous Pv,O, and Sv,O2 cannot be used as predictors in the assessment of oxygen status of such patients.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
[Evaluation of neurophysiological parameters and good metabolic control in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus].
Numerous authors have indicated the beneficial effect of glycoregulation on micro- and macro-angiopathic complications. ⋯ We found a significant association between the metabolic control and NCV findings which suggests that good metabolic control influences the improvement of neurophysiological parameters in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus.
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During the past decades a dramatic increase in the incidence of invasive fungal diseases, especially invasive aspergillosis has been observed. Undiagnosed and diagnosed late invasive aspergillosis is followed by lethality of up to 90%. Detection of early laboratory biomarkers (galactomannan and anti-Aspergillus antibodies) contributes to early diagnosis and is used for screening, as well as for monitoring therapy of aspergillosis. ⋯ Early diagnosis and treatment of aspergillosis represent both clinical and laboratory problem. Nowadays, the application of new "non-culture" methods is of particular importance for the outcome of aspergillosis. Clinical features, laboratory findings of biomarkers and their correct interpretation significantly increase the possibility of timely implementation of appropriate therapy. In this regard, the new organization of reference laboratory for medical mycology has significantly improved the outcome of aspergillosis in high-risk patients in our country. However, further investigations, implementation of European standards and introduction of new diagnostic methods are necessary in this field.
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Urinary tract infection is common in childhood. Depending on the localization of the infection, severity of its clinical presentation and possible acute and long-term complications, it may be described as either acute cystitis or acute pyelonephritis. ⋯ Newborns had higher rate of antibacterial resistance than young children.The progressive increase of anti-microbial resistance in children with acute pyelonephritis is of great concern.
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The occurrence of infection after the placement of an extraventricular drainage (EVD) catheter can be a very serious problem in neurosurgery. ⋯ The use of Bactiseal EVD catheters considerably decreased the percentage of infection occurrence with prolonged EVD catheter drainage period.