Srp Ark Celok Lek
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During the past decades a dramatic increase in the incidence of invasive fungal diseases, especially invasive aspergillosis has been observed. Undiagnosed and diagnosed late invasive aspergillosis is followed by lethality of up to 90%. Detection of early laboratory biomarkers (galactomannan and anti-Aspergillus antibodies) contributes to early diagnosis and is used for screening, as well as for monitoring therapy of aspergillosis. ⋯ Early diagnosis and treatment of aspergillosis represent both clinical and laboratory problem. Nowadays, the application of new "non-culture" methods is of particular importance for the outcome of aspergillosis. Clinical features, laboratory findings of biomarkers and their correct interpretation significantly increase the possibility of timely implementation of appropriate therapy. In this regard, the new organization of reference laboratory for medical mycology has significantly improved the outcome of aspergillosis in high-risk patients in our country. However, further investigations, implementation of European standards and introduction of new diagnostic methods are necessary in this field.
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Hanging usually ends in death, and about 80% of victims are found dead at the scene of the hanging. However, sometimes the hanging victims overlive for some time, and sometimes even survive the hanging. ⋯ Survival after attempted suicide by hanging occurs extremely rarely. In all the cases, the immediate cause of death after attempted hanging was ischemic brain injury, with a significant and pronounced oedema. In all the cases observed, regardless of the presence or absence of injuries of soft and hard structures of the neck, there was a ligature mark on the neck skin. Acute hemorrhagic gastritis with melaena was present in a significant number of reported cases of near-hanging.
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The occurrence of infection after the placement of an extraventricular drainage (EVD) catheter can be a very serious problem in neurosurgery. ⋯ The use of Bactiseal EVD catheters considerably decreased the percentage of infection occurrence with prolonged EVD catheter drainage period.
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Urinary tract infection is common in childhood. Depending on the localization of the infection, severity of its clinical presentation and possible acute and long-term complications, it may be described as either acute cystitis or acute pyelonephritis. ⋯ Newborns had higher rate of antibacterial resistance than young children.The progressive increase of anti-microbial resistance in children with acute pyelonephritis is of great concern.
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Brugada syndrome is an arrhythmogenic disease characterized by coved ST segment elevation and J point elevation of at least 2 mm in at least two of the right precordial ECG leads (V1-3) and ventricular arrhythmias, syncope, and sudden death. Risk stratifications of patients with Brugada electrocardiogram are being strongly debated. ⋯ Clinical presentation is the most important parameter in risk stratification of patients with Brugada electrocardiogram and Brugada syndrome.