Terapevt Arkh
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To study the specific features of 24-hour blood pressure (BP) profile and its association with plasma renin activity in patients with systemic connective tissue diseases and hemorrhagic vasculitis (HV). ⋯ The patients with systemic connective tissue diseases and HV were found to have prognostically poor types of 24-hour BP profile (night-peaker, non-dipper), the magnitude of which elevation depended on renal function and plasma renin activity.
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To study aortic stiffness in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) concurrent with coronary heart disease (CHD). ⋯ In COPD concurrent with CHD, central arterial stiffness is drastically increased as compared to that in healthy individuals and patients with COPD alone. There are no differences in the values of coronary perfusion in isolated COPD and its association with CHD, suggesting that COPD is of its own value in the formation of a cardiovascular risk. The correlation between the major parameters of aortic stiffness and the level of hypoxemia, on the one hand, and decreased lung ventilation function, on the other, testify their great contribution to the increase in the stiffness of elastic-type vessel walls in CHD-associated COPD.
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There is a new class of drugs used to treat diabetes mellitus (DM). It has come into existence after long-term studies of the fundamentally new hemostastic mechanism in glucose regulation via the gastrointestinal hormones incretins. ⋯ The mechanism of action of incretins is considered. The place of novel agents (glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors) in the total pattern of treatment for type 2 DM, indications for and contraindications to their use, benefits versus traditional glucose-lowering therapy (the inestimable advantage of these drugs is no risk for hypoglycemia), and prospects for their future application are discussed.