Terapevt Arkh
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Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is the most common disease and potentially life-threatening infection in the worldwide. In the Nizhny Novgorod region, no analysis of the causes of mortality and medical errors of severe CAP patients.
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The development of peptic ulcer (PU) and gastric cancer (GC) is the result of the interaction of various internal and external factors. Moreover, if the role ofHelicobacter pylori(H. pylori) in the development of diseases of the stomach is fully established, the significance of many other factors continues to be discussed. Serious controversy is caused by the participation of various strains ofH. pyloriin the development of PU and GC. ⋯ So, the role of alcohol, occupational hazards and drugs in the development of these diseases continues to be discussed. Further study of risk factors for various diseases of the stomach will optimize their prevention and treatment. The review presents a modern view of individual issues in the pathogenesis of PU and GC.
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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a world-wide problem. It is characterized by comorbidity. Among the numerous comorbidity obesity is considered. ⋯ In patients with different stages of non-alcoholic liver disease detoxification function is reduced. Toxic ammonia does not convert in urea. Ammonia begins to affect the whole organism.
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Bile acids were first considered carcinogenic in 1939. Since then, accumulated data have associated colon cell changes with high levels of bile acids as an important risk factor for developing colorectal cancer, which is more common among people who consume large amounts of dietary fat. Secondary bile acids formed under the influence of the intestinal microbiota can cause the formation of reactive forms of oxygen and nitrogen, disruption of the cell membrane, mitochondria, DNA damage, reduction of apoptosis, increased cell mutation, turning them into cancer cells. High-fat diet, intestinal microflora, bile acids are a risk factors for colorectal cancer.
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To update information about comorbidity of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and gallstones disease (GD), evaluation of clinical and laboratory data, including insulin, leptin and adiponectin in individuals with NAFLD in combination with GD. ⋯ Patients with NAFLD, GD and previous cholecystectomy have a high prevalence of coronary heart disease; the phenomenon of insulin and leptin resistance, high level of adiponectin were revealed in patients with NAFLD and gallstones; hyperleptinemia was observed among patients with NAFLD, GD after cholecystectomy.