Terapevt Arkh
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Multicenter Study
[The first Russian multicenter non-interventional registry study to study the incidence of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency in Russian Federation].
To assess the incidence of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency among the adult population living in the regions of the Russian Federation located at latitudes from 45 to 70. ⋯ In this study, 72.1% of the examined have the status of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency, while an adequate level was diagnosed in 27.8% of cases. When assessing the degree of vitamin D deficiency depending on the season, statistically significant differences (p0.00001) were found between the periods: vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency was observed in 84.2% of autumn and in 62.4% of spring. The highest incidence of vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency was recorded in males compared with females (p=0.013, 79 and 70.3% respectively). Vitamin D deficiency is observed in young people in the age subgroup of 1825 years (p0.001, 54% in the study as a whole) much more often than in older people Conclusion. The widespread high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in the Russian Federation is not related to geographic region of residence, but to some extent depends on the season. The high-risk group for vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency is young men. The significant role of vitamin D in the human body justifies the need to supplement and clarify a single concept for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of conditions associated with deficiency, so higher implementation of National Clinical Guidelines is needed.
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Due to global spread of COVID-19, the search for new factors that could influence its clinical course becomes highly important. This review summarize the relevant publications on the association between immune system and the main regulators of mineral homeostasis including. In addition, we have highlighted the various aspects of phosphorus-calcium metabolism related to the acute respiratory diseases and in particular to COVID-19. The data about the calcium-phosphorus metabolism in SARS-CoV-2 infection is required to understand the possible clinical implications and to develop new therapeutic and preventive interventions.
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Type 2 diabetes (Т2DM) both directly and indirectly impacts the development of morphological and functional changes of the central nervous system. ⋯ CCD especially with Т2DM manifests with neurocognitive imbalance, including control functions disruption and are accompanied by neurophysiological and neurovisualistion changes.
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The article outlines aspects of the current state of the problem of the priority choice of an oral anticoagulant for indefinite prevention of stroke and systemic thromboembolism in patients with atrial fibrillation. The advantages of direct oral angicoagulants over warfarin are presented, as well as a comparative analysis of the individual characteristics of the main direct oral angicoagulants from the point of view of personification of preventive therapy in accordance with modern treatment standards. ⋯ In conclusion, recommendations are formulated for the choice of an anticoagulant in patients with atrial fibrillation in the most common clinical situations. As a general rule, the choice of a particular drug should be individualized based on risk factors, tolerability, net clinical benefit, patient preference, potential adverse interactions, and other clinical characteristics.
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The parathyroid glands are the most important regulators of mineral metabolism. The parathyroid glands were first discovered only in 1880 and their function went the long way unrecognized. ⋯ To date, there is a large amount of data regarding the role of this endocrine gland in the human body and the significant changes associated with their dysfunction, including such widespread diseases such primary, secondary and tertiary hyperparathyroidism, hypoparathyroidism. This review covers the problem of the main disturbances in calcium-phosphorus metabolism, presents the results of databases of patients with primary hyperparathyroidism and hypoparathyroidism, as well as current epidemiological trends in Russia and in the world.