Terapevt Arkh
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Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) is a genetically determined pathological process associated with the formation and growth of cysts originating from the epithelial cells of the tubules and/or collecting tubes. PBP is represented by two main types - autosomal dominant (ADPKD) and autosomal recessive PKD (ARPKD), which are different diseases. The main causes of ADPKD are mutations of the PKD1 and PKD2 genes, which encode the formation of polycystin-1 and polycystin-2 proteins. ⋯ Mechanisms of cysts formation and growth include a) mutations of polycystines genes located on the cilia; b) increased activity of renal intracellular cAMP; c) vasopressin V2 receptors activation; d) violation of the tubular epithelium polarity (translocation of Na,K-ATPasa from basolateral to apical membrane); e) increased mTOR activity in epithelial cells lining renal cyst. The most promising directions of ADPKD therapy are blockade of vasopressin V2 receptors activation, inhibition of mTOR signaling pathways and reduction of intracellular cAMP level. The review presents clinical studies that assessed the effectiveness of named drugs in ADPKD.
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To assess the prevalence of protein - energy wasting (PEW) of haemodialysis patients (HD). ⋯ The prevalence of PEW in haemodialysis patients was 51.2% according to the ISRNM method and 75.3% according to the MHRF method.
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The review is a brief historical insight into the study of myocardial infarction, in which the main discoveries are analyzed that have played an important role in improving the diagnosis and treatment of the disease. A special place in the review is occupied by the work of the outstanding cardiologist and health care organizer E. I. ⋯ Many studies E. I. Chazov are recognized worldwide.
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Analysis of factors associated with reduced glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). ⋯ It was found that more than half (51.5%) of patients with COPD have a decrease in GFRcys.
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History of antithrombotic therapy in cardiology has almost 70 years, and it is undoubtedly the importance of the achievements of Soviet scientists. The creation of a domestic thrombolytic fibrinolysin at MSU G. V. ⋯ This conclusion, in fact, is a statement of the need for long - term antithrombotic therapy in patients with сoronary artery disease (CAD). Over the past 70 years, antithrombotic therapy in CAD has undergone significant changes, this was facilitated by the undoubted progress in understanding the mechanisms of atherosclerosis and thrombosis development. Nevertheless, the basic principles of antithrombotic therapy, laid down by the national school in the 60s of the last century, have survived.