Terapevt Arkh
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To study aortic stiffness in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) concurrent with coronary heart disease (CHD). ⋯ In COPD concurrent with CHD, central arterial stiffness is drastically increased as compared to that in healthy individuals and patients with COPD alone. There are no differences in the values of coronary perfusion in isolated COPD and its association with CHD, suggesting that COPD is of its own value in the formation of a cardiovascular risk. The correlation between the major parameters of aortic stiffness and the level of hypoxemia, on the one hand, and decreased lung ventilation function, on the other, testify their great contribution to the increase in the stiffness of elastic-type vessel walls in CHD-associated COPD.
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There is a new class of drugs used to treat diabetes mellitus (DM). It has come into existence after long-term studies of the fundamentally new hemostastic mechanism in glucose regulation via the gastrointestinal hormones incretins. ⋯ The mechanism of action of incretins is considered. The place of novel agents (glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors) in the total pattern of treatment for type 2 DM, indications for and contraindications to their use, benefits versus traditional glucose-lowering therapy (the inestimable advantage of these drugs is no risk for hypoglycemia), and prospects for their future application are discussed.
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To investigate hemostasis disorders caused by massive blood transfusions of artificial plasma replacing solutions (PRS). ⋯ Moderate hemodilution with PRS in vivo causes hypercoagulation which persisted longer than volemic effect of PRS.
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To evaluate the effect of ACE inhibitor enalapril, AR blocker candesartan and their combination on left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and content of biochemical markers of collagen balance in patients with hypertensive LV hypertrophy. MATERIAL AND METHODS. A total of 66 patients with arterial hypertension with LV hypertrophy were divided into two groups. Group 1 (n = 33) received candesartan (8-16 mg/day), group 2 (n = 33) received enalapril (10-20 mg/day). In effective hypotensive response to the initial treatment, it was continued for 6 months. If in two months of monotherapy the effect was unsatisfactory, the other drug was added. At baseline and upon 6 months of treatment all the patients were examined for myocardial mass index (MMI), matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (THMP-1) in the blood. ⋯ In patients with hypertensive LVH candesartan more effectively treated LVH. The addition of the second RAS blocker in insufficient efficacy of the initial one significantly reduces LV MMI. A significant antifibrotic effect was achieved only in case of simultaneous use of two RAS blockers.