Terapevt Arkh
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To study myocardial perfusion in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) using volumetric computed tomography (VCT) of the heart with a pharmacological test with adenosine triphosphate (ATP). ⋯ In patients with CAD and type 2 DM, according to the VCT with ATP test, more foci hypoperfusion areas were detected, regardless of the severity of coronary artery involvement, compared with patients with CAD without DM, which may be due to the microangiopathy in the myocardium. The similarity of the MPR parameters in the hypoperfusion zones associated with hemodynamic stenosis of the CA and with intact CAs indicates the ischemic genesis of these zones. For citation: Soboleva GN, Minasyan AA, Gaman SA, Rogoza AN, Molina LP, Soboleva TV, Shariya MA, Ternovoy SK, Karpov YuA. Type 2 diabetes mellitus and coronary artery disease: features of perfusion volume computed tomography of the heart in a pharmacological test with adenosine triphosphate. Terapevticheskii Arkhiv (Ter. Arkh.). 2023;95(4):309-315. DOI: 10.26442/00403660.2023.04.202158.
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Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common inherited heart disease; it is characterized by left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy that cannot be explained by hemodynamic causes. It is believed that sarcomere dysfunction underlies the pathogenesis of this disease, however, only half of patients with the HCM phenotype have mutations in sarcomere-encoding genes. HCM is distinguished by both high genetic and clinical heterogeneity and therefore more studies are seeking to investigate a regulation of gene expression in HCM and how the abnormalities in this process can affect disease phenotype. One of the levels of regulation of gene expression - a post-transcriptional level - is mediated by short non-coding microRNAs that inhibit protein synthesis. ⋯ Levels of certain circulating microRNAs correlate with echocardiographic parameters in HCM patients.
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The authors of the article prove the need to include a new name for the disease - "Progressive Fibrosing Lung Disease" into clinical practice. Recognition of the fact that some lung diseases end in a fibrosing process, which does not have any significant differences depending on the initial disease that led to fibrosis, will expand the indications for earlier prescription of antifibrotic drugs, which will undoubtedly improve the prognosis in this extremely severe category of patients.
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To evaluate the efficacy and safety of a combination drug containing ambroxol, guaifenesin, and levosalbutamol, oral solution, versus Ascoril Expectorant, syrup (combination of bromhexine, guaifenesin, and salbutamol) in the treatment of productive cough in adult patients with acute bronchitis. ⋯ The efficacy of a new combination drug containing ambroxol, guaifenesin, and levosalbutamol in the treatment of productive cough in adult patients with acute bronchitis is superior to the efficacy of Ascoril Expectorant. The safety profiles of the study drug and the reference drug were comparable.
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A review of publications devoted to the analysis of genetic polymorphisms of the gene encoding the glucagon-like peptide type 1 receptor and some other genes directly and indirectly involved in the implementation of its physiological action is presented. The aim of the study: to search for information on genes polymorphism that can affect the effectiveness of glucagon-like peptide type 1 agonists. The review was carried out in accordance with the PRISMA 2020 recommendations, the search for publications was based on PubMed databases (including Medline), Web of Science, as well as Russian scientific electronic source eLIBRARY. ⋯ The several genes polymorphisms (GLP1R, TCF7L2, CNR1, SORCS1, WFS1, PPARD, CTRB1/2) that may affect the course and therapy of type 2 diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome and obesity, was described. Single nucleotide substitutions in some regions of these genes can both decrease and increase the clinical efficacy of the treatment of diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome with the help of type 1 glucagon-like peptide agonists: exenatide, liraglutide. Data on the role of genetic variations in the structure of the products of these genes in the effectiveness of other type 1 glucacone-like peptide agonists have not been found.