Turk J Med Sci
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To evaluate the safety and outcomes of percutaneous transhepatic management of dysfunctioning plastic biliary endoprostheses (PBE) in patients with benign/malign biliary strictures. ⋯ Percutaneous transhepatic methods aid as a reasonable alternative in the treatment of benign and malignant biliary strictures in patients with dysfunctioning PBE when endoscopic approaches fail or are not eligible.
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Programmed death pathway leads to T cell anergy. Wide range of malignancies take advantage of this pathway by programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression either on neoplastic cells or on the nonneoplastic cells of tumour microenvironment. New therapeutic approaches have been directed against this pathway. We studied PD-L1 expression on both neoplastic Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg (HRS) cells and cells of tumour microenvironment in classic Hodgkin lymphoma (CHL) patients and compared it with Ebstein-Barr virus (EBV) positivity, clinical data, and survival rates. ⋯ Previous studies showed inconsistent rates for PD-L1 prevalence (20%-95.7%) in CHL patients due to differences in the study methods. Although high prevalence of PD-L1 positivity was found in majority of them, there was no statistically significant difference between PD-L1 positivity on HRS cells and EBV expression, clinical parameters, and prognosis. This high prevalence in patients with various clinical properties makes PD-L1 a potential target for new emerging immunotherapies for CHL.
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Neurofilaments are intermediary filaments associated with neurodegenerative processes. Thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) is a biological marker playing a role in synaptogenesis. This study aimed to investigate serum neurofilament light chain (NFL), and TSP1 levels of patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) compared to typically developing (TD) children. ⋯ Our results did not support the neurodegenerative process of ASD. Future studies are needed to investigate neuroprogression in a longitudinal follow-up.
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The purpose of this study is to investigate the success rate of volar plate treatment of distal radius fractures with preservation of the pronator anterior muscle; the incidence of complications, such as infection, vascular nerve injury, and tendon injury; fracture healing rate; and changes in muscle anatomy. ⋯ Surgery with PQ preservation is suitable for most distal radius fractures other than Types B1 and B2. For a small part of fractures involving the shaft of the radius, the PQ needed to be partially cut off to complete the operation. The postoperative muscle structures were close to normal.
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Electrocochleography (ECochG), one of the first defined tests under auditory evoked potentials, is a total electrical response of inner and outer hair cells inside the cochlea and auditory nerve record technique to the presence of an acoustic stimulus. These records can be used in Meniere disease and auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder diagnosis, intraoperative monitoring. In addition, the presence of cochlear microphonics plays a crucial role in auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder diagnosis. In our study, healthy individuals were tested with extratimpanic electrocochleography record method via Click and LS CE-Chirp stimulus, and the results were compared to the age, sex, and noise sensitivity categories. ⋯ It is thought that the ECochG amplitudes of different gender, different age, and different noise sensitivity, which are the results of our study, can be used in the diagnosis of diseases such as auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder.