Neurology
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To compare brain activity identified by fMRI in subjects with Alzheimer disease (AD) and older healthy controls (HCs) performing an episodic/working memory (EWM) and semantic memory (SM) task. ⋯ Subjects with Alzheimer disease (AD) recruited brain regions for easier episodic/working memory (EWM) tasks used by healthy controls (HCs) for more difficult EWM tasks. AD subjects recruited brain regions for semantic memory tasks used by HCs for more difficult EWM tasks. The authors propose a functional "memory reserve" model of compensatory recruitment according to task difficulty and underlying neuropathology.
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To determine the presentation, incidence, and severity of seizures in follow-up of patients treated for primary brain tumors. ⋯ Most tumor-related seizures first appear early in the course of disease, usually as a presenting manifestation. Antiepileptic drugs combined with specific antitumor treatments significantly reduce the rate of seizure generalization. However, most patients continue to have focal epilepsy during follow-up.
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To investigate the patterns of MRI brain atrophy in patients with ALS with and without clinically evident frontotemporal lobar dementia (FTLD) using voxel-based morphometry (VBM). ⋯ Patients with ALS and ALS associated with frontotemporal lobar degeneration exhibit widespread gray matter atrophy in frontotemporal regions. This finding supports the idea of a clinical and anatomic continuum between ALS and frontotemporal lobar degeneration.