Neurology
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We aimed to investigate the association between leukoaraiosis and long-term risk of stroke recurrence adjusting for clinical scores developed and validated for the prediction of stroke risk, such as CHADS2 (congestive heart failure, hypertension, age ≥75 years, diabetes mellitus, and stroke or TIA) and CHA2DS2-VASc (congestive heart failure, hypertension, age ≥75 years, diabetes mellitus, stroke or TIA, vascular disease, age 65-74 years, sex category). ⋯ Leukoaraiosis is an independent predictor of stroke recurrence in non-AF stroke patients. However, leukoaraiosis did not increase the accuracy of the CHADS2 and CHA2DS2-VASc scores to predict stroke recurrence in AF or non-AF stroke patients.
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Multicenter Study Observational Study
Initial use of a novel noninvasive vagus nerve stimulator for cluster headache treatment.
To report our initial experience with a novel device, designed to provide portable, noninvasive, transcutaneous stimulation of the vagus nerve, both acutely and preventively, as a treatment for cluster headache. ⋯ This study provides Class IV evidence that for patients with cluster headache, transcutaneous stimulation of the vagus nerve aborts acute attacks and reduces the frequency of attacks.
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To determine whether an MRI-based Alzheimer disease (AD) signature biomarker can detect tau-related neurodegeneration in preclinical AD, and to assess whether AD signature cortical thinning is associated with cognitive changes in cognitively normal (CN) older individuals. ⋯ Spatially distinct neurodegeneration is associated with Aβ and tau pathology in preclinical AD. Aβ deposition and AD signature cortical atrophy independently affect cognition in CN older individuals.
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To identify the underlying etiology of 3 patients in a multiplex family with strokes, chronic immune-mediated peripheral neuropathy, and hemolysis. All had onset in infancy. ⋯ We added to the knowledge base about inherited CD59 deficiency.
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To gain insight into different cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) phenotypes and mechanisms, we investigated cortical superficial siderosis (CSS), a new imaging marker of the disease, and its relation with APOE genotype in patients with pathologically proven CAA, who presented with and without intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). ⋯ This neuropathologically defined CAA cohort suggests that CSS and APOE ε2 are related to the hemorrhagic expression of the disease; APOE ε4 is enriched in nonhemorrhagic CAA. Our study emphasizes the concept of different CAA phenotypes, suggesting divergent pathophysiologic mechanisms.