Neurology
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Arterial spin labeling (ASL) perfusion MRI with image acquisition at multiple delay times can be used to measure delays in the arrival of arterial blood to the brain. We assessed the effect of a symptomatic internal carotid artery (ICA) stenosis on ASL timing parameters, and evaluated the effect of collateral flow through the circle of Willis. ⋯ Arterial spin labeling MRI is a noninvasive tool for imaging cerebral blood flow and delays in the arrival of arterial blood to the brain, and can potentially provide valuable information on the quality of perfusion to the brain in patients with cerebrovascular disease.
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Comparative Study
Conversion of amyloid positive and negative MCI to AD over 3 years: an 11C-PIB PET study.
Patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI) represent an important clinical group as they are at increased risk of developing Alzheimer disease (AD). (11)C-PIB PET is an in vivo marker of brain amyloid load. ⋯ PIB-positive subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) are significantly more likely to convert to AD than PIB-negative patients, faster converters having higher PIB retention levels at baseline than slower converters. In vivo detection of amyloid deposition in MCI with PIB PET provides useful prognostic information.
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The aim of this study was to estimate the influence of tobacco smoking and Swedish snuff use on the risk of developing multiple sclerosis (MS). ⋯ Smokers of both sexes run an increased risk of developing multiple sclerosis (MS), and the risk increases with cumulative dose of smoking. However, the use of Swedish snuff is not associated with elevated risk for MS, which may indicate that nicotine is not the substance responsible for the increased risk of developing MS among smokers.