Nursing times
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Knowledge about the harmful effects of smoking on the lungs is high among the general population. This damage can occur to both active and passive smokers. ⋯ There is great variation in smokers' susceptibility to the harmful effects of tobacco dependence. The reasons for this are complex and the role of genetic factors requires more research.
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Nursing judgements are complex, often involving the need to process a large number of information cues. Key issues include how accurate they are and how we can improve levels of accuracy. ⋯ Social judgement analysis approaches are one way of overcoming these limitations. This paper argues that as nurses take on more roles requiring accurate judgement, it is time to increase our knowledge of judgement and ways to improve it.
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Phosphate enemas are commonly used by community nurses in the treatment of constipation. This article reports on a literature review of evidence relating to their use. No evidence was found to support the use of these enemas conclusively, although a number of articles reported risks, contraindications, and complications. Phosphate enemas should therefore be used with caution and nurses should be aware of the contraindications associated with their use.