Anesthesia, essays and researches
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This study was designed to evaluate the effect of adding dexmedetomidine to regular mixture of epidural drugs for pregnant women undergoing elective cesarean section with special emphasis on their sedative properties, ability to improve quality of intraoperative, postoperative analgesia, and neonatal outcome. ⋯ Adding dexmedetomidine to regular mixture of epidural anesthetics in women undergoing elective cesarean section improved intraoperative conditions and quality of postoperative analgesia without maternal or neonatal significant side effects.
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Midazolam is the most commonly used premedication in children. It has been shown to be more effective than parental presence or placebo in reducing anxiety and improving compliance at induction of anesthesia. Clonidine, an a2 agonist, has been suggested as an alternative. Dexmedetomidine is a more a2 selective drug with more favorable pharmacokinetic properties than clonidine. ⋯ Dexmedetomidine is superior than Midazolam as premedication in pediatric patients with more intense sedation, excellent parent separation, favourable induction conditions, lower incidence of postoperative agitation and shivering along with hemodynamic stability and no respiratory depression.
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Acute renal failure is not common in pregnancy. However, the incidence rises when pregnancy is complicated with Hemolysis, Elevated Liver enzymes, Low Platelets (HELLP) syndrome, which itself is a rare occurrence. We had an unusual case of HELLP syndrome in twin pregnancy with deranged renal profile for emergency cesarean section. We report the case, its anesthetic management for emergency cesarean section, and perioperative supportive treatment for acute renal failure.
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Clonidine provides many desirable effects like sedation, analgesia, anxiolysis, and hemodynamic stability and these properties make it a potentially useful anesthetic premedication in the pediatric settings. The aim of this study was to compare oral midazolam (0.5 mg/kg), which is considered gold standard with oral clonidine (5 mcg/kg) as a premedication in pediatric patients. ⋯ We conclude that under the conditions of this study, oral midazolam is a better medication than clonidine in children in preoperative period while clonidine is a better medication postoperatively with added advantage of palatability, hemodynamic stability, and no significant side effects.
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Limited evidence supports the efficacy of peripheral route fentanyl and local anesthetic combination for postoperative analgesia. Our study was therefore designed to demonstrate the analgesic efficacy of two different doses of fentanyl in combination with bupivacaine for surgical site infiltration in patients undergoing modified radical mastoidectomy (MRM). ⋯ Fentanyl and bupivacaine combinations in doses of 50 and 100 μg along with 0.5% bupivacaine at a fixed dose of 2 mg/kg body weight are effective in the management of postoperative pain. Patients who received 100 μg fentanyl (Group II) had lower VAS scores as compared to the patients who received 50 μg fentanyl (Group I) with similar side effects.