Anesthesia, essays and researches
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Primary To compare effect of 30 ml/kg and 10 ml/kg crystalloid infusion on post-operative nausea and vomiting after diagnostic gynaecological laparoscopy. Secondary To correlate incidence of post-operative nausea and vomiting associated with different phases of menstrual cycle. ⋯ In the first 4 h after anaesthesia, the cumulative incidence of nausea and vomiting in Group I was 66% as compared to 40% in Group II (P value = 0.036, *S). Anti-emetic use was less in the group II as compared to Group I (13% vs. 20%, P = 0.04). Female patients in the menstrual phase experienced nausea and vomiting in 89.48% of cases as compared to 58.33% and 24.24% during proliferative and secretory phases of menstrual cycle, respectively.
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The administration of opioids intrathecally as a sole anesthetic has proven to be effective in providing adequate surgical anesthesia without much hemodynamic instability. ⋯ Because of adequate surgical anesthesia, intraoperative hemodynamic stability and prolonged post-operative analgesia, we recommend the use of intrathecal pentazocine as a sole anesthetic agent for lower limb surgeries.
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This study was undertaken in 100 patients scheduled for lower limb orthopaedic surgeries. ⋯ In conclusion, this study has demonstrated that addition of 20 μg fentanyl to intrathecal 30 μg clonidine and 12 mg bupivacaine enhanced the duration of post-operative analgesia with moderately increased sedation and was not associated with hemodynamic instability or other complications.
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Direct laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation always trigger powerful cardiovascular responses. Various attempts have been made to attenuate these responses. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and safety of esmolol and lidocaine for suppressing cardiovascular response to laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation in a normotensive African population. ⋯ Prophylactic therapy with 2 mg kg(-1) esmolol is more effective and safe for attenuating cardiovascular responses to laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation in a black population.
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We evaluated the effect of adding dexmedetomidine to lidocaine and bupivacaine for peribulbar block in two different doses. The primary endpoints were the onset and duration of corneal anesthesia, globe akinesia, and duration of analgesia. ⋯ Addition of dexmedetomidine to lidocaine and bupivacaine in peribulbar block shortens the onset time and prolongs the duration of the block and postoperative analgesia. It also provides sedation which enables full cooperation and potentially better operating conditions.