European journal of trauma and emergency surgery : official publication of the European Trauma Society
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Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg · Oct 2015
Bone healing of critical size defects of the rat femur after the application of bone marrow aspirate and two different rh-BMP7 concentrations.
It is known that the application of growth factors can enhance fracture healing in defect fractures. The role of bone marrow aspirate (BMA) in combination with BMP-7 and the dosage of rh BMP-7 are still under discussion. Our hypothesis was that the combination of rh-BMP-7 with BMA can heal bone defects more effectively than rh-BMP-7 alone. ⋯ The combination of an rhBMP-7 dose that would be equivalent to a dose used clinically in humans with bone marrow aspirate does not heal a critical bone defect more effectively than the same rhBMP-7 dose alone.
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Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg · Oct 2015
5-HT2a receptor antagonism reduces burn-induced macromolecular efflux in rats.
Major thermal injuries lead to a systemic inflammatory response with systemic capillary leakage and multiple organ dysfunction. This systemic inflammatory response is induced by a variety of immunmodulative molecules including TNFα and serotonin. Unspecific serotonin antagonism leads to reduced macromolecular efflux in rat mesenteries after burn plasma transfer. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of specific 5-HT2a antagonism on early burn edema. ⋯ 5-HT2a antagonism reduces plasma extravasation after burn plasma transfer in healthy individuals. The influence of leukocyte-endothelial interactions on postburn edema remains unclear.
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Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg · Oct 2015
ReviewClinician-performed ultrasound in hemodynamic and cardiac assessment: a synopsis of current indications and limitations.
Accurate hemodynamic and intravascular volume status assessment is essential in the diagnostic and therapeutic management of critically ill patients. Over the last two decades, a number of technological advances were translated into a variety of minimally invasive or non-invasive hemodynamic monitoring modalities. Despite the promise of less invasive technologies, the quality, reliability, reproducibility, and generalizability of resultant hemodynamic and intravascular volume status data have been lacking. ⋯ With the advent of portable, hand-carried devices, the importance of sonography in hemodynamic and volume status assessment became clear. From basic venous collapsibility and global cardiac assessment to more complex tasks such as the assessment of cardiac flow and tissue Doppler signals, the number of real-life indications for sonology continues to increase. This review will provide an outline of the essential ultrasound applications in hemodynamic and volume status assessment, focusing on evidence-based uses and indications.