BMC anesthesiology
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Several hypnotic drugs have been previously identified as modulators of food intake, but exact mechanisms remain unknown. Feeding behavior implicates several neuronal populations in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus including orexigenic neuropeptide Y and anorexigenic pro-opiomelanocortin producing neurons. The aim of this study was to investigate in mice the impact of different hypnotic drugs on food consumption and neuropeptide Y or pro-opiomelanocortine mRNA expression level in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus. ⋯ In our murine model, most hypnotics induced food consumption. The hypnotic-induced regulation of neuropeptide Y and pro-opiomelanocortine hypothalamic peptides is associated with this finding. Our data suggest that administration of some hypnotic drugs may affect hypothalamic peptide precursor and neuropeptide expression and concomittantly modulate food intake. Thus, this questions the choice of anesthetics for better care management of patients undergoing major surgery or at risk of undernutrition.
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Although the status of women in anesthesiology has advanced by many measures, obtaining career development funding remains challenging. Here, we sought to compare the characteristics of funded career development awards from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) between the specialties of anesthesiology and surgery. We hypothesized that the two groups differ in percentage of faculty with awards, gender distribution among principal investigators, as well as the number of awards promoting diversity. ⋯ The major difference between US anesthesiology and surgery departments is that the number of faculty career development awards is significantly higher in surgery departments. Future efforts should aim to identify the reasons for such differences in order to inform strategies that can improve the likelihood for junior faculty members to receive career development funding.
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Neurodegeneration is associated with changes in basal cellular function due to the dysregulation of autophagy. A recent study introduced the involvement of autophagy during spinal nerve ligation (SNL). Nefopam has shown potential for reducing neuropathic pain, but the underlying mechanisms are unknown. Here, we investigated the effects of nefopam on neuropathic pain development following SNL, focusing on the involvement of autophagy. ⋯ Collectively, the mode of action of nefopam on neuropathic pain appears to be associated with downregulation of phospho-JNK and autophagy, as well as modulation of the immune response.
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The study aimed to assess whether preoperative resting heart rate could be a risk factor for cardiopulmonary complications (CPCs) after lung cancer resection. ⋯ Elevated preoperative resting heart rate was associated with an increased risk of postoperative CPCs in patients after resection for lung cancer.
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Meta Analysis
Ethanol locks for the prevention of catheter-related bloodstream infection: a meta-analysis of randomized control trials.
Current evidence regarding the efficacy of ethanol locks in preventing catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBI) is inconclusive. ⋯ An ethanol lock may play a role in the prevention of CRBI, especially in immunocompromised patients with hematological diseases.