BMC anesthesiology
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Hemodynamic and antiemetic effects of prophylactic hyoscine butyl-bromide during cesarean section under spinal anesthesia: a randomized controlled trial.
Abrupt bradycardia and hemodynamic instability during spinal anesthesia for cesarean section are not uncommon and are considered as one of the primary causes of intraoperative nausea and vomiting (IONV). We hypothesized that prophylactic use of hyoscine butyl-bromide (HBB) could improve hemodynamics and reduce IONV in parturients undergoing cesarean section. ⋯ In parturients undergoing cesarean section under spinal anesthesia, pretreatment with intravenous HBB was a safe measure for both the mother and the baby to reduce the risk of severe intraoperative bradycardia, but not hypotension. Furthermore, it was associated with less incidence of both IONV and PONV.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effects of adding low-dose ketamine to etomidate on serum cortisol levels in critically ill cardiac patients: a randomized clinical trial.
Etomidate was associated with an inhibition of adrenal steroid synthesis. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of adding low-dose ketamine to etomidate to minimize the decrease in serum cortisol level in critically ill cardiac patients. ⋯ Single-dose ketamine (0.5 mg/kg) was helpful to decrease the total dose of etomidate and hence decreased the percentage of serum cortisol level in such critically ill patients with preservation of patient satisfaction.
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Lots of studies have measured motor evoked potential (MEP) induced by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in anesthetized animals. However, in awake animals, the measurement of TMS-induced MEP is scarce as lack of sufficient restraint. So far, the explicit study of anesthesia effects on corticospinal excitability and repetitive TMS (rTMS) induced modulation is still lacking. This study aimed to: (1) measure TMS-induced MEP in both awake restrained and anesthetized rats, (2) investigate the effect of anesthesia on corticospinal excitability, and (3) on rTMS-induced modulation. ⋯ This study measured TMS-induced MEP in both awake and anesthetized rats, and provided explicit evidence for the inhibitory effects of anesthesia on corticospinal excitability and on high-frequency rTMS-induced modulation of MEP.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
A comparison of ondansetron and lidocaine in reducing injection pain of propofol: a randomized controlled study.
Direct stimulation of the afferent nerve endings in the venous endothelium is one explanation of propofol injection pain. Previous studies found that ondansetron can also block sodium channels. This effect is similar to that of lidocaine. ⋯ Pretreatment with intravenous lidocaine, rather than ondansetron, can reduce the incidence and intensity of propofol-induced pain.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Use of ultrasound guided single shot costotransverse block (intertransverse process) in breast cancer surgery: a prospective, randomized, assessor blinded, controlled clinical trial.
Ultrasound guided costotransverse block (CTB) is a relatively new "peri-paravertebral" block that has been described recently. It has been previously reported that CTB, administered with a single high-volume injection, provides effective analgesia in breast conserving surgery. In this study we evaluated the effect of CTB when used in breast cancer surgery. ⋯ Ultrasound guided CTB improves analgesia quality in breast cancer surgery.