BMC anesthesiology
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Randomized Controlled Trial
A pre-anesthetic bolus of ketamine versus dexmedetomidine for prevention of postoperative delirium in elderly patients undergoing emergency surgery: a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study.
We aimed to evaluate whether a single dose of ketamine or dexmedetomidine before induction of general anesthesia could reduce the incidence of postoperative delirium (primary outcome) or cognitive dysfunction (secondary outcome) in elderly patients undergoing emergency surgery. ⋯ A single pre-anesthetic bolus of dexmedetomidine is a practical choice for preventing postoperative delirium in elderly patients undergoing emergency surgery.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effect of pre-infusion of hypertonic saline on postoperative delirium in geriatric patients undergoing shoulder arthroscopy: a randomized controlled trial.
Neuroinflammation may be a potential mechanism of postoperative delirium (POD) in geriatric patients, and hypertonic saline (HS) has immunomodulatory properties. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether HS could reduce the incidence of POD in elderly patients and its effect on neutrophil activation and inflammatory cytokine expression. ⋯ Pre-infusion of HS can reduce the incidence of POD and the immune-inflammatory response.
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Prolonged length of stay in post-anesthesia care unit (PLOS in PACU) is a combination of risk factors and complications that can compromise quality of care and operating room efficiency. Our study aimed to develop a nomogram to predict PLOS in PACU of patients undergoing elective surgery. ⋯ This study presented a nomogram to facilitate individualized prediction of PLOS in PACU for patients undergoing elective surgery.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Twelfth thoracic vertebra erector spinae plane block for postoperative analgesia and early recovery after lumbar spine surgery in elderly patients: a single-blind randomized controlled trial.
Severe pain after lumbar spine surgery can delay recovery in elderly patients. We explored the efficacy of T12 erector spinal plane block (ESPB) in elderly patients who underwent lumbar spine surgery. ⋯ Bilateral T12 ESPB lowered the NRS score within 48 h after lumbar spine surgery, decreased perioperative opioid use and resulted in faster recovery in elderly patients but did not significantly reduce the incidence of POD.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effect of thermal softening of double-lumen endobronchial tubes on postoperative sore throat in patients with prior SARS-CoV-2 infection: a randomized controlled trial.
The incidence of postoperative sore throat (POST) after tracheal intubation using double-lumen endobronchial tubes (DLTs) is higher in patients with prior severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection than in the general population. This prospective trial was conducted to determine whether thermal softening of DLTs could decrease the incidence of POST or other airway injuries in patients with prior SARS-CoV-2 infection. ⋯ Thermal softening of DLTs before intubation can reduce the incidence of POST and airway injuries in patients with prior SARS-CoV-2 infection undergoing DLT insertion.