BMC anesthesiology
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Observational Study
Preoperative evaluation: Impact on early perioperative hemodynamic and respiratory complications.
The impact of routine preoperative anesthesia evaluations on potential perioperative complications remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the effect of preoperative evaluation on early perioperative hemodynamic and respiratory complications. ⋯ While the impact of routinely requested laboratory and imaging methods before surgery could not be assessed in this study, consultations that were requested did not affect hemodynamic and respiratory complications in the early perioperative period or on the duration of hospital stay.
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Propofol, a commonly used intravenous anesthetic, is associated with various respiratory adverse events, most notably different degrees of respiratory depression, which pose significant concerns for patient safety. Respiration is a fundamental behavior, with the initiation of breathing in mammals dependent on neuronal activity in the lower brainstem. Previous studies have suggested that propofol-induced respiratory depression might be associated with glutamatergic neurons in the pre-Bötzinger complex (preBötC), though the precise mechanisms are not well understood. In this study, we classify glutamatergic neurons in the brainstem preBötC using whole-cell patch-clamp techniques and investigate the effects of propofol on the electrophysiological properties of these neurons. Our findings aim to shed light on the mechanisms of propofol-induced respiratory depression and provide new experimental insights. ⋯ Our study focuses on the glutamatergic neurons in the preBötC of adult mice. It introduces a novel method for classifying these neurons and reveals how propofol affects the activity of the two different types of glutamatergic neurons within the preBötC. These findings contribute to understanding the cellular basis of propofol-induced respiratory depression.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Effect of low-dose dexmedetomidine to prolong spinal anesthesia in elderly patients: a prospective randomized controlled study.
Spinal anesthesia for transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) has a short duration, which poses challenges for postoperative pain management. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of intravenous (IV) dexmedetomidine at a dosage of 0.4 µg/kg in prolonging the duration of spinal anesthesia and minimizing postoperative pain in elderly patients undergoing TURP. ⋯ Intravenous dexmedetomidine at a dosage of 0.4 µg/kg significantly prolongs the duration of spinal sensory blockade. Although postoperative analgesia was not different, it provided hemodynamic stability without increasing the side effects.
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Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
The potency-ratio of ciprofol and propofol under procedural sedation and anesthesia for outpatient hysteroscopy during cervical dilation: a study using up-and-down sequential allocation method.
Ciprofol(HSK3486) is a novel 2,6-disubstituted phenol derivate, a short-acting intravenous sedative, which has similar efficacy characteristics as propofol with less incidence of side effect. Both ciprofol and propofol are often used in outpatient hysteroscopic surgery for sedation. However, the relative potency of these two drugs has not been fully determined in this context. ⋯ The ED50 of ciprofol and propofol in preventing hysteroscopy dilatation reaction was 0.444 mg/kg (95% CI, 0.385-0.503 mg/kg) and 1.985 mg/kg (95% CI, 1.801-2.170 mg/kg) for outpatient hysteroscopy. The potency-ratio of ciprofol and propofol observed in our study was 1.0:4.5(95%CI,1:3.9-1:5.1).
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Case Reports
Anaesthetic management of an infant with MEGD(H)EL syndrome undergoing cochlear implant.
The syndrome has these features: 3-methylglutaconic aciduria (MEG), deafness(D), encephalopathy (E), Leigh-like syndrome (L). This disorder is caused by biallelic mutations in serine active site-containing protein 1 (SERAC1) gene. When these patients experience hepatopathy (H) in addition to the above manifestations, the syndrome is referred to as MEGD(H)EL. The pathology of this syndrome shares features with diverse types of inborn errors of metabolism. ⋯ The usage of dexmedetomidine as the main anaesthetic drug might have the benefit of a non-triggering anaesthetic agent in patients with a mitochondrial disease. Mixture of dexmedetomidine and ketamine provide an effective combination for procedural sedation, predominantly in select populations who are at a high risk of perioperative complications due to underlying co-morbid conditions.