BMC anesthesiology
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Observational Study
Comparison of onset time, duration of action, and intubating conditions after cisatracurium 0.15 mg/kg in young and elderly patients.
Tracheal intubation during anesthesia can be facilitated by the neuromuscular blocking agent cisatracurium. However, limited data exists about onset time, duration of action and effect on intubating conditions in elderly patients above 80 years of age. We hypothesized that elderly patients would present a longer onset time and duration of action compared to younger adults. ⋯ In elderly patients cisatracurium 0.15 mg/kg had significantly longer onset time and duration of action compared with younger patients. No difference was found in intubating conditions at a TOF count of 0.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
Comparison of the efficacy of two doses of dexmedetomidine as an adjunct to levobupivacaine in infraclavicular brachial plexus block: prospective double-blinded randomized controlled trial.
This prospective, double-blind, randomized, controlled trial compared the efficacy of two dexmedetomidine doses (50 and 100-μg) combined with levobupivacaine on sensory block duration in infraclavicular brachial plexus block. We hypothesized that perineural dexmedetomidine would extend sensory block duration dose-dependently. ⋯ Sensory block duration was longer with perineural 100-μg dexmedetomidine as an adjunct to levobupivacaine than with 50-μg dexmedetomidine.
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Endotracheal tube with an inflated cuff was used to manage and maintain the airway during general anesthesia in children. When the lateral pressure exerted by an inflated Endotracheal tube cuff on tracheal mucosa exceeds capillary perfusion pressure, patients may complain of cough, sore throat, and hoarseness in the postoperative period. This study aimed to assess the effect of a tracheal tube cuff filled with alkalinized lidocaine versus air on hemodynamic parameter changes during extubation and post-operative airway morbidity in children. ⋯ Alkalinized lidocaine inflated tracheal tubes have shown improved hemodynamic and laryngotracheal morbidities in children.
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Observational Study
Morphological specificity analysis of an image-based 3D model of airway filling in a difficult airway.
The purpose of this study was to analyze position-specific morphological changes of the upper airway and to further assess the impact of these changes in difficult airway during intubation. ⋯ The three-dimensional reconstruction model developed in this study was used to digitally quantify morphological features of a difficult airway and could be used as a novel airway management assessment tool.
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Randomized Controlled Trial
The effect of varying inhaled oxygen concentrations of high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy during gastroscopy with propofol sedation in elderly patients: a randomized controlled study.
Despite evidence that high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy (HFNC) promotes oxygenation, its application in sedated gastroscopy in elderly patients has received little attention. This study investigated the effect of different inhaled oxygen concentrations (FiO2) of HFNC during sedated gastroscopy in elderly patients. ⋯ HFNC prevented hypoxia during gastroscopy with propofol in elderly patients, and there was no significant difference in the incidence of hypoxia when FiO2 was 50% or 100%.