BMC anesthesiology
-
Microaspiration past the tracheal tube cuffs causes ventilator-associated pneumonia. The objective of the current study was to evaluate whether creating negative pressure between the tracheal double cuffs could block the fluid passage past the tracheal tube cuffs. ⋯ A new prototype double cuff with negative pressure in the intercuff space completely prevented water leakage. The negative pressure transmitted to the tracheal inner wall was a small percentage of that applied.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Comparative study between Dexmedetomidine and Ondansteron for prevention of post spinal shivering. A randomized controlled trial.
Regional anesthesia could affect the homeostatic system functions resulting frequently in perioperative hypothermia and consequently shivering. The objective of this trial was to evaluate the efficacy of dexmedetomidine and ondansetron to reduce the incidence and severity of shivering after intrathecal blocks. ⋯ Prophylactic administrations of dexmedetomidine or ondansetron efficiently decrease the incidence and severity of shivering after spinal anesthesia as compared to placebo without significant difference between their efficacies when compared to each other.
-
Randomized Controlled Trial
Role of dexamethasone in the para-vertebral block for pediatric patients undergoing aortic coarctation repair. randomized, double-blinded controlled study.
Surgery for aortic coarctation requires special care during anesthesia due to severe pain during the lateral thoracotomy incision, intraoperative hemodynamic instability and the need for large doses of intra- and postoperative analgesics and vasodilators. Additionally, the postoperative care of patients is very important. ⋯ The use of dexamethasone as an adjuvant in ultrasound-guided paravertebral block in paediatric patients undergoing surgery for aortic coarctation increased the duration of postoperative analgesia with a prolonged time to the first request for analgesics It was also associated with a decreased incidence of postoperative complications.
-
Observational Study
Glycated hemoglobin A1c level on the day of emergency surgery is a marker of premorbid glycemic control: a retrospective observational study.
Current international guideline recommends to maintain blood glucose level ≤ 180 mg/dL in acute ill patients, irrespective of presence of premorbid diabetes. However, there are studies suggested that optimal acute glycemic control should be adjusted according to premorbid glycemic control in patients with chronic hyperglycemia. Accordingly, to obtain the information of premorbid glycemic control would be relevant. However, the HbA1c level on the day of the emergency operation (HbA1c-ope) might not be useful as a surrogate of premorbid chronic glycemic control, since glucose metabolism can be affected by inflammation, severity of illness and surgical invasion. ⋯ We found that there was a significant correlation between HbA1c-ope and HbA1c-pre. Our findings suggest that HbA1c-ope can be used to estimate previous glycemic control with an acceptable degree of accuracy, enabling personalized glycemic control in the perioperative period.
-
Surgery-induced neuroinflammation plays an important role in postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD). Gut microbiota is a key regulator of neurological inflammation. Nurturing with prebiotics is an effective microbiota manipulation that can regulate host immunity and cognition. The aim of the present study was to test whether administration of the prebiotic Bimuno® (galactooligosaccharide (B-GOS) mixture) could ameliorate POCD and attenuate surgery-induced neuroinflammation through the microbiota-brain-axis. ⋯ Administration of B-GOS has a beneficial effect on regulating neuroinflammatory and cognitive impairment in a rat model of abdominal surgery and was associated with the manipulation of gut microbiota.