BMJ open
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Mental health problems are more prevalent in people with than without intellectual disabilities, yet treatment options have received little attention. The aim of this study was to identify and evaluate the effectiveness of pharmacological and psychological interventions in the treatment of mental health problems in children and adults with severe and profound intellectual disabilities, given their difficulties in accessing standard mental health interventions, particularly talking therapies, and difficulties reporting drug side effects. ⋯ CRD 42015024469.
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Elderly patients constitute an increasingly large proportion of the high-risk surgical group. In adult patients, several specific intraoperative approaches such as cardiac output-guided haemodynamic therapy, depth of anaesthesia monitoring (DAM) or lung-protective ventilation (LPV) are designed to reduce postoperative mortality and surgical complications. However, none of these approaches has been specifically performed in the elderly, and no evaluation of a multimodal optimisation strategy for general anaesthesia has been achieved in this population. ⋯ This protocol was approved by the ethics committee Sud-Est 1 and the French regulatory agency. The finding of the trial will be disseminated through peer-reviewed journals and conferences TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT02668250; Pre-results.
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Multicenter Study
Impact of parental weight status on children's body mass index in early life: evidence from a Chinese cohort.
To understand whether parents' weight status before conception predicts body mass index (BMI) of their offspring in early life and the differences between the mother-child and father-child associations. ⋯ Maternal weight status had small effect on both fetal and child growth after birth. Significant but mild paternal influence was only detected after birth.
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To examine (1) the association between household socioeconomic status (SES) and whether a household spends money on cigarettes and (2) socioeconomic variations in proportion of total household expenditure spent on cigarettes among smoking households. ⋯ Lower SES households are more likely to spend money on cigarettes and spend a larger proportion of their total expenditure on cigarettes. We recommend strategies effective in reducing smoking among low SES smokers.
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The study aimed tocompare recurring themes in the artistic expression of military service members (SMs) with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), traumatic brain injury and psychological health (PH) conditions with measurable psychiatric diagnoses. Affective symptoms and struggles related to verbally expressing information can limit communication in individuals with symptoms of PTSD and deployment-related health conditions. Visual self-expression through art therapy is an alternative way for SMs with PTSD and other PH conditions to communicate their lived experiences. This study offers the first systematic examination of the associations between visual self-expression and standardised clinical self-report measures. ⋯ Emergent patterns of resilience and risk embedded in the use of images created by the participants could provide valuable information for patients, clinicians and caregivers.