BMJ open
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Sports participation has many physical and mental health benefits for individuals with a disability, including improved functionality and reduced anxiety. Despite this, a large proportion of individuals with a disability are inactive. This review will be the first to synthesise the literature on the experiences and perceived health benefits of sport participation for children, adolescents, adults, elite athletes and veterans with a disability. Investigation of these phenomena will enable an understanding of the positive aspects and benefits of sport participation specific to each population, which may help to improve participation rates and ultimately improve health through promotion of these benefits. ⋯ CRD42020169224.
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Postoperative delirium (POD) is prevalent in patients after major surgery and is associated with adverse outcomes. Several studies have reported that dexmedetomidine, a highly selective α2-adrenergic receptor agonist, can decrease the incidence of POD. However, neurosurgical patients are usually excluded from previous studies. The present study was designed to investigate the impact of prophylactic use of low-dose dexmedetomidine on the incidence of POD in patients after intracranial operation. ⋯ The study protocol was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Beijing Tiantan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University (No KY2019-091-02) and registered at ClinicalTrials.gov. The results of the trial will be presented at national and international conferences relevant to subject fields and submitted to international peer-reviewed journals.
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Short-term metabolic and observational studies suggest that protein intake above the recommended dietary allowance of 0.83 g/kg body weight (BW)/day may support preservation of lean body mass and physical function in old age, but evidence from randomised controlled trials is inconclusive. ⋯ The study has been approved by the Ethics Committee of the Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland (ID of the approval: HUS/1530/2018) and The Medical Ethical Committee of the Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc, Amsterdam, the Netherlands (ID of the approval: 2018.399). All participants provided written informed consent prior to being enrolled onto the study. Results will be submitted for publication in peer-reviewed journals and will be made available to stakeholders (ie, older adults, healthcare professionals and industry).
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Coprescribing of benzodiazepines/Z-drugs (BZDs) and opioids is a drug-use pattern of considerable concern due to risk of adverse events. The objective of this study is to estimate the effect of concurrent use of BZDs on the risk of hospitalisations/emergency department (ED) visits and deaths among opioid users. ⋯ Concurrent use of opioids and BZDs further contributes to the risk of hospitalisation/ED visits and mortality in Alberta, Canada over opioid use alone, with higher opioid doses, older age and increased number of unique health providers carrying higher risks. Regulatory bodies and health providers should reinforce safe drug-use practices and be vigilant about coprescribing.
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To determine whether neuromuscular blocking agents (NMBAs) can decrease the mortality of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and improve their clinical outcomes. ⋯ CRD42019139440.