Anesthesia progress
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Anesthesia progress · Jan 2000
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialLocal anesthesia in the palate: a comparison of techniques and solutions.
It was the purpose of the present investigation to determine if there were differences in soft-tissue anesthesia in the palate following infiltration and greater palatine nerve block anesthesia and to compare lidocaine with lidocaine plus epinephrine as palatal soft tissue anesthetics. Two studies using 10 volunteers were performed. In one trial, volunteers received a palatal infiltration opposite the second maxillary bicuspid on one side and a greater palatine nerve block on the other. ⋯ Lidocaine with epinephrine provided longer lasting anesthesia than plain lidocaine following palatal infiltration (P < .001). Greater palatine nerve block and palatal infiltration provide similar soft-tissue anesthesia. Lidocaine with epinephrine produces longer-lasting soft-tissue anesthesia than plain lidocaine following palatal infiltration.
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Anesthesia progress · Jan 2000
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialOral transmucosal fentanyl pretreatment for outpatient general anesthesia.
The oral transmucosal formulation of fentanyl citrate (OTFC) has been reported to be an effective sedative, providing convenient and atraumatic sedation for children prior to general anesthesia or painful diagnostic procedures. Thirty-three young children (24-60 months of age) scheduled for outpatient general anesthesia for treatment of dental caries were enrolled in this randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial. To determine the effectiveness of the OTFC premedication, patient behavior was evaluated using three distinct outcome ratings. ⋯ The duration of surgery and the time of recovery did not differ between placebo and active premedication. Side effects including respiratory and cardiovascular complications were reported more frequently in the active fentanyl group. Continuous monitoring of respiratory function is essential when using this unique and effective formulation of fentanyl for pediatric preanesthetic sedation.
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Anesthesia progress · Jan 2000
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialPreemptive effects of a combination of preoperative diclofenac, butorphanol, and lidocaine on postoperative pain management following orthognathic surgery.
The aim of the study was to investigate whether preemptive multimodal analgesia (diclofenac, butorphanol, and lidocaine) was obtained during sagittal split ramus osteotomy (SSRO). Following institutional approval and informed consent, 82 healthy patients (ASA-I) undergoing SSRO were randomly assigned to 1 of 2 groups, the preemptive multimodal analgesia group (group P, n = 41) and the control group (group C, n = 41). This study was conducted in a double-blind manner. ⋯ Postoperative pain intensity at rest (POPI) was assessed on a numerical rating score (NRS) in the postanesthesia care unit (PACU) and on a visual analogue scale (VAS) at the first water intake (FWI) and at 24, 48, and 72 hours after extubation. POPI in the PACU was significantly lower in group P than in group C, whereas there were no significant differences at FWI, 24, 48, and 72 hours after extubation in both groups. Preemptive multimodal analgesia was not observed in this study.
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Anesthesia progress · Jan 2000
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialThe hypoalgesic effect of 3-D video glasses on cold pressor pain: reproducibility and importance of information.
The first aim of the study was to evaluate whether it was possible to manipulate the distraction effect induced by 3-D video glasses on the perceived pain and unpleasantness of the subjects by giving them different information about the expected effect. Second, the study aimed to determine the reproducibility of the effect. Forty-five students enrolled, 39 students participated in the study (24 women and 15 men, median age 23 years, range 19-28 years) because 6 did not show up for the first trial, and 37 completed the study because 2 subjects did not show up for the second trial. ⋯ The results of the pooled data showed a significant effect of 3-D video on perceived pain (P = .03) but not on unpleasantness (P = .18). After 4 weeks, the study was repeated, and there were no significant changes in the effect of video glasses. The median visual analogue scale scores were reduced in both the video and the control trials compared with the first session.
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Anesthesia progress · Jan 2000
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialSevoflurane and isoflurane reduce oxygen saturation in infants.
Volatile anesthetics are generally known to exert several influences on the respiratory system, but their direct effect on oxygen saturation as measured by pulse oximetry (SpO2) in infants remains unknown. In this study, 70 infants under 2 years of age who received general anesthesia were examined to determine the effects of several volatile anesthetics and nitrous oxide on SpO2. ⋯ Significantly lower SpO2 values (paired t test, P < .05) were observed when the subjects were ventilated with oxygen, 67% nitrous oxide, and sevoflurane or isoflurane--but not with oxygen, 67% nitrous oxide, and enflurane--than when they were administered oxygen, 50% nitrous oxide, and the original concentration of each volatile anesthetic. These results suggest that sevoflurane and isoflurane have different effects from enflurane on gas exchange systems.