Anesthesia progress
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Nitrous oxide is the most commonly used inhalation anesthetic in dentistry and is commonly used in emergency centers and ambulatory surgery centers as well. When used alone, it is incapable of producing general anesthesia reliably, but it may be combined with other inhalation and/or intravenous agents in deep sedative/general anesthetic techniques. ⋯ To gain a full appreciation of the pharmacology, physiologic influences, and proper use of nitrous oxide, one must compare it with other inhalation anesthetics. The purpose of this CE article is to provide an overview of inhalation anesthetics in general and to address nitrous oxide more specifically in comparison.
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Anesthesia progress · Jan 2008
Comparative StudyNasotracheal intubation using the Airtraq versus Macintosh laryngoscope: a manikin study.
The Airtraq laryngoscope is a new intubation device that provides a non-line-of-sight view of the glottis. We evaluated this device by comparing the ease of nasotracheal intubation on a manikin with the use of Airtraq versus the Macintosh laryngoscope with and without Magill forceps. ⋯ The Magill forceps was used more frequently to facilitate intubation with the Macintosh laryngoscope than with the Airtraq laryngoscope in both groups of operators (P < .001). [corrected] The Airtraq laryngoscope scored better on the visual analog scale than did the Macintosh laryngoscope in both groups of operators (P < .05). The Airtraq laryngoscope offers potential advantages over standard direct laryngoscopy for nasotracheal intubation.
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Anesthesia progress · Jan 2008
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyGow-Gates technique: a pilot study for extraction procedures with clinical evaluation and review.
The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of 2 different volumes of anesthetic solution for a premolar-molar extraction, and to determine the onset of complete mandibular conduction anesthesia via a Gow-Gates mandibular block. One operator performed 32 blocks with a 27-gauge needle on patients who required a dental extraction: 16 blocks using 1.8 mL of anesthetic solution, and 16 blocks using 3.6 mL of anesthetic solution. The parameters evaluated were frequency of successful anesthesia and onset of complete anesthesia. ⋯ A larger volume of anesthetic solution (3.6 mL) is required to achieve a higher success rate and a faster onset of action for a dental extraction without the use of reinforcement anesthesia. The volume of anesthetic solution is indirectly proportional to the onset of complete anesthesia. A premolar-molar extraction can be done, with 3.6 mL of anesthetic solution, in more than 50% of the patients 8 minutes after injection.
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Anesthesia progress · Jan 2008
Case ReportsPerioperative management of obstructive sleep apnea with nasal continuous positive airway pressure.
The high risks associated with general anesthesia in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) patients have been reported. Many authors have suggested that the intraoperative administration of opioids and sedatives should be limited or avoided because these drugs selectively impair muscle activity in the upper airway. ⋯ She had little pain during the perioperative period. It is suggested that NCPAP is an effective treatment for not only preventing airway obstructive apnea but for allowing the administration of anesthetic and analgesic drugs without major complications.