Anesthesia progress
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Anesthesia progress · Jan 1992
Comparative StudyComparison of propofol infusion and isoflurane for maintenance of anesthesia for dentistry in mentally retarded patients.
A continuous infusion of propofol following an induction dose of 2 mg/kg was compared with thiopental/isoflurane for the induction and maintenance of anesthesia in 20 mentally retarded outpatients undergoing routine dental procedures. The infusion rate of propofol and the concentration of isoflurane were adjusted to maintain the heart rate and blood pressure within +/- 25% of the baseline values. ⋯ Both agents provided adequate anesthesia for the treatment, and no major adverse reactions occurred. Recovery was more complete during the first hour after extubation in the propofol group, and these patients were discharged earlier.
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Anesthesia progress · Jan 1992
Anesthetic activity of the lipospheres bupivacaine delivery system in the rat.
The Lipospheres Bupivacaine Delivery System (bupivacaine-lipospheres) is a novel sustained-release local anesthetic preparation that has recently been made available for research purposes. This investigation compared the local anesthetic efficacy and safety of 2% bupivacaine-lipospheres, 0.5% bupivacaine plus 1:200,000 epinephrine, lipospheres plain, and physiologic saline following subcutaneous tail injection in the rat. A modified tail-flick paradigm was used to assess local anesthetic efficacy. ⋯ All animals gained weight normally during the 1-wk course of the study, and there were no signs of local tissue toxicity at the injection sites. We conclude that 2% bupivacaine-lipospheres is a safe and efficacious local anesthetic preparation in this particular animal model. It possesses an onset of action that is a rapid as 0.5% bupivacaine with 1:200,000 epinephrine, and a duration that is six times longer.
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Anesthesia progress · Mar 1991
Case ReportsEpidural buprenorphine or morphine for the relief of head and neck cancer pain.
We present three cases in which epidural buprenorphine or morphine was used for intractable cancer pain of the head and neck. Excellent pain relief and minimal side effects offered by epidural opioids were of significant benefit. The use of epidural opioids prior to the administration of high doses of oral morphine may be the treatment of choice for pain from malignancy of the head and neck, especially when there is tumor extension or distant metastasis.