Anaesthesiologie und Reanimation
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Anaesthesiol Reanim · Jan 1997
Comparative Study[Mivacurium--a new muscle relaxant compared with atracurium and vecuronium].
This study investigates the effects of mivacurium (3 times ED95) on neuromuscular block, intubation conditions and general safety in comparison with equipotent doses of atracurium and vecuronium. Following Ethical Care Committee approval and informed consent, 90 ASA I+II patients aged 18 to 65 were studied undergoing elective ENT surgery. Anaesthesia was induced with 1.5 mg/kg propofol and 0.2 mg/kg alfentanil and maintained through continuous infusion of propofol (8 to 10 mg . kg-1 . h-1) and nitrous oxide in oxygen. ⋯ Facial flushing and mild bronchospasms as signs of histamine release resulted more often in the mivacurium (20%) and atracurium groups (23%) than in the vecuronium group (3%). In contrast to atracurium and vecuronium, recovery from mivacurium-induced neuromuscular blockade is rapid. However, the onset time after 3 times ED95 was significantly longer for mivacurium than for atracurium or vecuronium.
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Anaesthesiol Reanim · Jan 1997
Biography Historical Article[Professor Fritz Lotsch--a wrongfully forgotten German pioneer in anesthesia].
Like many of the contributors to the early development of anaesthesia in Germany. Prof. Fritz Lotsch (1879-1958) was a surgeon. ⋯ As early as 1903 Lotsch reported on clinical experience with the recently developed barbiturate "Veronal". Later he reported on advantages and disadvantages of combined anaesthesia using inhalation anaesthetics, opiates and barbiturates. In 1913 he recommended a special double cannula for intravenous infusion purposes which was only rediscovered decades later.
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The first narcosis with chloroform was performed by James Young Simpson on himself on November 4, 1847. The chemical substance had been first produced in 1831 almost simultaneously in the USA by Samuel Guthrie and in France by Eugène Soubeiran. Knowledge of the narcotic effect of chloroform spread rapidly, but very soon reports of sudden deaths mounted. ⋯ The story of the clinical use of chloroform ended in 1976 with the second edition of V. J. Collins' textbook.