Masui. The Japanese journal of anesthesiology
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
[Evaluation of a pressure and volume-relief instrument (modified Brandt's rediffusion system) to prevent increase in endotracheal tube cuff pressure].
Nitrous oxide diffuses into the endotracheal tube cuff and then overexpand the cuff. This causes upper airway obstruction and trauma in intubated patient during general anesthesia. We evaluated the efficacy and a safety of a pressure and volume-relief instrument (modified Brandt's rediffusion system), which can easily be made by ourselves, to prevent increases in endotracheal tube cuff pressure. ⋯ Pressure of endotracheal tube cuffs was monitored and recorded until the extubation. Time interval until the pressure of tube cuffs increased more than 23 mmHg, which inhibit the local circulation on the tracheal cartilage, in rediffusion group (274.7 +/- 95.9 min) was significantly longer than the duration in control group (64.7 +/- 23.5 min). We conclude that the rediffusion instrument is effective and safe to prevent the rise in the pressure of an endotracheal tube cuff.
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Case Reports
[Right ventricular perforation and cardiac tamponade caused by a central venous catheter].
A 5 year old girl with ASD was scheduled for open heart surgery. A central venous catheter was placed via the right infraclavicular vein after induction of anesthesia. Thirty minutes after insertion of the catheter, a decrease in arterial pressure and pulse pressure, an increase in heart rate and central venous pressure were observed. ⋯ Gushing blood out of a hole in the right ventricular free wall was confirmed by pericardiotomy. The hemodynamics were stabilized by blood transfusion and surgical closure of the hole on the ventricle. This perforation was thought to be caused by careless insertion of a relatively stiff central venous catheter.