Masui. The Japanese journal of anesthesiology
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Buprenorphine is a chemically synthesized opioid characterized as the partial mu agonist and kappa antagonist, and transdermal buprenorphine patch will be considered useful as a strong analgesic with fewer psychological side effects in the treatment of chronic non-cancer pain. Use of transdermal buprenorphine should be limited for pain relief of intractable muscle skeletal pain that cannot be alleviated with other analgesics. To avoid severe complication and drug abuse or addiction, assessment of pain and medical history including drug dependence by medical team are important before administration of transdermal buprenorphine. ⋯ When transdermal buprenorphine is administered to chronic pain patients, physicians must examine the condition of patients regularly at an outpatient clinic. Moreover, decreasing and discontinuation of opioid including transdermal buprenorphine should always be considered during the treatment. Most important objective of chronic pain treatment is to improve QOL and ADL of patients.
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We realized the looks of Gendai Kamada. At first, we found in a figure, in "Seishu Hanaoka and His Surgery" by Syuzo Kure, that the portrait described as that of Gendai is his father's. And we discovered the illustrations that illustrate the looks of Gendai in "Gekakihaizufu", which was a textbook of clinical anesthesia and surgery, printed in 1840. Using these illustrations, we realized the looks of Gendai Kamada.
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The lightwand device (Trachligh) is effective and safe for difficult tracheal intubation. We recorded the process of acquiring the intubation technique with Trachlight and evaluated the usefulness of Trachlight for tracheal intubation. ⋯ This study suggests that the experience of at least 30 cases is necessary to learn the intubation technique with Trachlight.
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The treatment of chronic pain, whether of cancer or noncancer origin, frequently involves the use of opioids. Delay in GI transit and constipation are the most common and often disabling side effects of opioid analgesics. ⋯ This goal is currently addressed by the use of opioid receptor antagonists with limited absorption such as oral naloxone and by the development of peripheral opioid receptor antagonists such as methylnaltrexone and alvimopan. These drugs hold considerable promise in preventing constipation due to treatments with opioids, whereas the analgesic action of opioids remains unabated.
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Tramadol/acetaminophen fixed-dose combination tablets (Tramse) combine tramadol, a centrally acting week opioid analgesic, with low-dose acetaminophen. The action of tramadol may be described as a weak agonist at the mu-opioid receptor, inhibition of serotonin reuptake, and inhibition of noradrenaline reuptake. The second component in these tablets, acetaminophen mainly appears to act through central mechanism. ⋯ It is expected that Tramset is going to induce pain relief and to improve disturbance of daily life in patients with intractable chronic pain. However overuse of Tramset may induce severe adverse effects such as addiction, abuse and hepatotoxicity. Therefore clinician should continuously assess pain intensity, activity of daily life, mode of its consumption, and adverse effects after prescription.