European journal of anaesthesiology. Supplement
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Eur J Anaesthesiol Suppl · Sep 1995
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialDose-response, time-course of action and recovery of rocuronium bromide in children during halothane anaesthesia.
Two groups of children, aged 1-4 years (n = 28) and 5-10 years (n = 28), respectively, received at random one of four doses of rocuronium (0.12, 0.17, 0.22 or 0.27 mg kg-1). When maximum block was obtained, further rocuronium to a total dose of 0.5 mg kg-1 was given. At a spontaneous T1 recovery of 25% the block was reversed with atropine and neostigmine in half the patients. ⋯ Neostigmine administration reduced recovery time by approximately half to two-thirds. MAP was not influenced by rocuronium. Following the injection of rocuronium in the younger age group there was a 15% increase in heart rate compared to a 10% increase in the age group 5-10 years.
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Eur J Anaesthesiol Suppl · Sep 1995
ReviewOnset time and evaluation of intubating conditions: rocuronium in perspective.
The customary methods for assessment of intubating conditions, namely the onset time in the adductor pollicis muscle and qualitative rating scales of the conditions at intubation, are unsatisfactory. The onset time of neuromuscular block in the adductor pollicis is not a meaningful, quantifiable endpoint, defining optimal intubating conditions. ⋯ Clinical studies simulating rapid sequence induction in elective patients indicate that rocuronium 0.9 mg kg-1 may be suitable for crash intubation. This, however, needs to be confirmed in emergency cases.
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Eur J Anaesthesiol Suppl · Sep 1995
ReviewThe pharmacokinetics of rocuronium bromide in hepatic cirrhosis.
The pharmacokinetics of aminosteroid neuromuscular blocking drugs have been shown to be altered in patients with hepatic cirrhosis. A reduced clearance and prolonged elimination half-life of pancuronium and vecuronium have been demonstrated. ⋯ Nevertheless, rocuronium, even in cirrhotic patients, has the fastest onset of action of any non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent. Further pharmacokinetic studies are necessary of this drug in hepatic cirrhosis.
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Eur J Anaesthesiol Suppl · Sep 1995
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialDose-response and time-course of action of rocuronium bromide.
Rocuronium is a new aminosteroidal muscle relaxant, the main feature of which is a low potency compared to other aminosteroidal muscle relaxants. The ED95 is approximately 0.3 mg kg-1, although the estimated potency may vary slightly with different modes of stimulation and under different anaesthetic techniques. ⋯ The estimated potency is similar in adults and the elderly, although the ED95 may be slightly higher in children. Rocuronium is affected in the same way as vecuronium by the use of volatile anaesthetic agents.
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Eur J Anaesthesiol Suppl · Sep 1995
Comparative Study Clinical TrialCross-reactivity of rocuronium with other neuromuscular blocking agents.
The cross-reactivity of rocuronium with other neuromuscular blocking agents (NMBAs) was studied in 31 patients known to be allergic to a muscle relaxant. Tests for diagnosing cross-reactivity were skin tests (prick tests and intradermal tests: IDTs), detection by RAST assay of IgEs against the quaternary ammonium group (QAS-RIA: quaternary ammonium sepharose radio-immuno-assay), QAS-RIA inhibition test to detect IgE specificity, and leucocyte histamine release test (LHRT). Skin tests were performed with rocuronium, suxamethonium, gallamine, vecuronium, pancuronium, atracurium. ⋯ In one of the five patients allergic to all the NMBAs available, rocuronium was the only one which did not cross-react. In those 10 patients, rocuronium may be safely used for subsequent anaesthesia. In terms of allergy, rocuronium appeared to be very close to the other steroidal NMBAs.