Middle East journal of anaesthesiology
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Middle East J Anaesthesiol · Feb 2012
Randomized Controlled TrialDexmedetomidine use in direct laryngoscopic biopsy under TIVA.
The purpose of this study is to investigate the suitability of dexmedetomidine as a helpful sedative agent in direct laryngoscopic biopsy (DLB), under total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA). ⋯ The premedication with a single dose of dexmedetomidine decreases intraoperative propofol and postoperative analgesic requirements, increases the postoperative satisfaction and RSS considerably in patients undergoing DLB under TIVA.
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Middle East J Anaesthesiol · Feb 2012
Randomized Controlled TrialThe effect of dexmedetomidine on bispectral index monitoring in children.
The primary aim of this study was to test whether dexmedetomidine administration based on the bispectral index (BIS) monitoring caused a reduction in consumption of sevoflurane. Following Institutional Ethic Committee approval and written informed consent from all parents, fifty-four children undergoing sevoflurane anaesthesia randomly allocated to receive either dexmedetomidine (Group D) or saline (Group S). The anaesthesia was induced with 8% sevoflurane in nitrous oxide/oxygen in all children. ⋯ End tidal sevoflurane concentrations were significantly higher in group S at before incision, after incision and at the end of surgery than in group D (p < 0.000 to p < 0.001). Final BIS number and sevoflurane concentrations were similar and there were no significant difference between the groups. It was concluded that intravenous (IV) dexmedetomidine infusion at a rate of 0.5 microgkg(-1) hr(-1) during sevoflurane anaesthesia significantly reduces end-tidal sevoflurane concentration and BIS number in children undergoing minor surgical interventions.
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Middle East J Anaesthesiol · Feb 2012
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyComparison between betamethasone gel applied over endotracheal tube and ketamine gargle for attenuating postoperative sore throat, cough and hoarseness of voice.
Tracheal intubation for general anesthesia often leads to trauma of the airway mucosa resulting in postoperative sore throat, hoarseness of voice and cough. The aim of this study was to evaluate two different methods as regard their efficacy for controlling the postoperative pharyngo-laryngo-tracheal sequelae (sore throat, cough, hoarseness of voice) after general anesthesia with laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation. We compared between the effects of betamethasone gel applied over the endotracheal tube and gargling with ketamine solution in reducing these complications during the first 24 postoperative hours after elective surgical procedures in a prospective randomized controlled single blind clinical trial. ⋯ Gargling with ketamine before induction of anesthesia is comparable with application of 0.05% betamethasone gel over the Endotracheal tubes in decreasing postoperative sore throat. In addition, Betmethasone application decreased the incidence and severity of postoperative cough and hoarsness of voice.
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Middle East J Anaesthesiol · Feb 2012
Comparative Study Controlled Clinical TrialComparison between prostaglandin E1, and esmolol infusions in controlled hypotension during scoliosis correction surgery a clinical trial.
scoliosis correction surgery is common in children, and adolescents. Deliberate hypotension is indicated in scoliosis correction procedures, because bloodless field is needed for exposure of the nerve roots, and to decrease the need for blood transfusion. Protection of the kidneys during deliberate hypotension is essential. The ideal hypotensive drug maintains the renal function and the urine output during the period of hypotension. Aim of this study is to compare Prostaglandin E1, and Esmolol hypotensive effects, bleeding score, and their effects on the serum creatnine, and urine output. ⋯ Prostaglandin E1 hypotensive effects started earlier than Esmolol and its bleeding score is better than esmolol especially at thirty minutes after initiation of the infusion. Prostaglandin E1 can maintain renal function and urine output more than Esmolol. This study recommended using Prostaglandin E1 to induce hypotensive anesthesia in scoliosis correction
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Middle East J Anaesthesiol · Feb 2012
The incidence of residual neuromuscular blockade associated with single dose of intermediate-acting neuromuscular blocking drugs.
The goal of this study is to investigate the incidence and risk factors of residual paralysis associated with single-dose intermediate-acting muscle relaxants (atracurium, vecuronium, rocuronium) during early postoperative period. ⋯ In patients who have general anesthesia longer than one hour, "gender" may affect residual paralysis incidence associated with single-dose intermediate-acting muscle relaxants use.