Anesteziologiia i reanimatologiia
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Anesteziol Reanimatol · May 1999
Review[Clinical experience in the use of clonidine in regional anesthesia and early postoperative period (1984-1989)].
Clonidine attracts attention as a sole agent for local anesthesia. This review analyzes the role of alpha 2-adrenergic agents in modern regional anesthesiology, both practical and experimental. Recent controlled studies showed that an alpha 2-adrenoreceptor clonidine administered spinally is characterized by a dose-dependent antinociceptive effect and is as effective as epinephrine in prolonging local anesthetic blocks. ⋯ Regional administration of clonidine involves side effects, such as hypotension, bradycardia, and sedation. Minimization of the dose of alpha 2-adrenergic agonists minimizes the complications. Regional clonidine effects (analgesia, hemodynamic changes, and sedation) and their recognized mechanisms of action are described.
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Anesteziol Reanimatol · May 1999
Review Comparative Study[Choice of drugs for general anesthesia in patients with arrhythmia].
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Anesteziol Reanimatol · May 1999
Comparative Study[Clinico-pathogenetic variants of DIC syndrome in patients with severe craniocerebral trauma].
Detection of clinical and pathogenetic variants of the DIC syndrome for development of its differentiated therapy in multiple-modality treatment of severe craniocerebral injury was the purpose of this study. A total of 170 patients with grave craniocerebral injury were examined. The hemostasis system was studied by the following methods: analysis of platelet hemostasis, general coagulation tests, fibrinolysis evaluation, detection of physiological anticoagulants and markers of intravascular blood coagulation and fibrinolysis. Based on the clinical (intra- and extracranial) symptoms and results of studies of the hemostasis system, 3 clinical pathogenetic variants of the DIC syndrome were distinguished, which should be borne in mine when treating patients with severe craniocerebral injury developing the DIC syndrome.
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Anesteziol Reanimatol · May 1999
Comparative Study[Oral dormicum premedication of children in day surgery].
Thirty-four patients aged 5-14 years were observed, divided into age groups OF 5-8 and 8-14 years. Cardiovascular function was evaluated by central hemodynamic parameters and cardiointervalography. Changes in external respiration parameters were studied. ⋯ In older children the premedication virtually did not affect total peripheral resistance and facilitated heart work, increased the respiratory volume, rarefied the respiratory rate, and did not affect the autonomic regulation balance. Younger children fell asleep without excitation or negativism; 35.2% developed psychomotor reactions. In older group the effect was good in 71.1% children, the rest had "apparitions" starting from the 17th min: doubling of the staff's faces, white spiders, or white moths.
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Anesteziol Reanimatol · May 1999
Review Comparative Study[Replenishment of circulating blood volume by the use of colloid solutions].