Anesteziologiia i reanimatologiia
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Anesteziol Reanimatol · Jan 1998
[Caudal epidural anesthesia in children operated on in the area of the lumbosacral segments].
Analgesia of children operated on the lumbosacral segments is discussed. Balanced total anesthesia was used with caudal epidural blocking by a combination of alpha 2-agonist clofelin, local amide anesthetic bupivacaine, and narcotic analgesic promedol. Injection of a combination of clofelin (0.01% solution) in a dose of 1 microgram/kg, standard dose of 0.25% bupivacaine solution with adrenaline (1:200,000) in a dose of 0.3 ml/kg, and promedol in a dose of 0.2 mg/kg into the epidural space via the caudal approach in the presence of superficial anesthesia with halothane (0.2-0.4 vol/%), nitrogen oxide and oxygen in 2:1 ratio ensured adequate analgesia and effective neurovegetative protection both during the operation and the first 25 h after it.
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Anesteziol Reanimatol · Jan 1998
[New potentials for monitoring the temperature and the relative and absolute humidity of the air-oxygen mixture during the prolonged artificial ventilation of newborn infants].
A new HTM-902 monitor (UCCP, Germany/Serviceinstrument, Russia) was used for continuous measurements of the temperature and relative and absolute humidity of inspired gas during prolonged mechanical ventilation in 86 neonates with respiratory failure caused by the respiratory distress syndrome (n = 42), meconium aspiration syndrome (n = 28), and congenital pneumonia (n = 16). All measurements were performed with a special probe connected to the inspiratory contour through a standard adapter close to the patient's T-piece. ⋯ For maintaining adequate humidity of inspired gas after any changes in the ventilator flow rate or in the temperature inside the incubator, the heating power of the humidifier had to be corrected. However, even with servocontrolled humidifiers and humidity regulation, an increase of temperature inside the incubator over 35 degrees C made impossible the maintenance of the inspired gas humidity at the level of 96-100% with its temperature at the level of the patient's T-piece no higher than 37 degrees C.