Anesteziologiia i reanimatologiia
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Anesteziol Reanimatol · Jan 2010
Review[Postanesthetic agitation syndrome after inhalation anesthesia with sevofluorane in children].
The paper analyzes the publications dedicated to the problem of agitation after inhalation anesthesia with sevofluorane. A brief explanation of the conception "agitation" is given in the context of interpretation of explanatory and psychological dictionaries. According to most of the analyzed papers, it is concluded that the incidence of the postanesthetic agitation syndrome occurs after anesthesia with sevofluorane than after that with halothane. ⋯ The efficiency of the preventive measures given in the analyzed paper is disputable. These include opioids (fentanyl), benzodiazepines (midasolam), clonidine, ketamine, dexmedotomidine, nitrous oxide, propofol, etc. The authors conclude that this problem is of no high significance in the aspect of priority, the width and safety of sevofluorane use in the anesthetic maintenance of children although it by far needs further more detailed study.
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Total hip replacement has become a widespread surgical intervention, so adequate analgesia substantially improves the results of treatment. This paper reviews the literature on the choice of a perioperative analgesia mode during hip arthroplasty. There is no uniform approach to preoperative analgesia, but one can identify the basic lines of its development: the introduction of effective and safe regional procedures, the minimum use of opioid analgesics, a gradual transition of intraoperative to postoperative analgesia, the possibility of the earliest activation of a patient, the capacity of a analgesic procedure to reduce perioperative blood loss, the incidence of thromboembolic and other complications, and the cost of treatment.
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The literature review concisely considers a relatively new problem of postoperative cognitive disorders occurring in surgical patients. The paper considers the present views of the etiology of postoperative cognitive disorders and their contributing and aggravating factors. Particular emphasis is laid on a factor, such as a surface anesthetic level and sudden intraoperative consciousness recovery, as well as on the prevention of this complication through the monitoring of anesthesia depth.
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This literature review is dedicated to hyperthermia in labor, its association with labor epidural analgesia, its impact on labor progress, postpartum and neonatality. Current concepts of the pathogenesis of afterbirth fever are presented. New data on the influence of intranatal fever on the course of neonatality and the incidence of obstetric complications are given. The review gives new perspectives for studying maternal fever induced by epidural analgesia and its influence on the newborn.